tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-47248625034049812042024-03-17T20:04:20.907-07:00Comparative ReligionUnknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger80125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-44219629851305154212023-05-03T18:39:00.004-07:002023-05-03T18:39:50.528-07:00European Union Grants 2 Million Euros for Linguistic Investigation of Earliest Qur'an Manuscripts<p> </p><div data-contents="true"><div class="x1e56ztr" data-block="true" data-editor="30ji4" data-offset-key="6iv6a-0-0"><div class="_1mf _1mj" data-offset-key="6iv6a-0-0"><span><span data-offset-key="6iv6a-0-0"><span data-text="true">Marijn</span></span></span><span data-offset-key="6iv6a-1-0"><span data-text="true"> Van Putten was paid from a grant of 2 Million Euros by the European Research Council, part of the European Union, to linguistically investigate the earliest Qur’an manuscripts. </span></span></div><div class="_1mf _1mj" data-offset-key="6iv6a-0-0"><span data-offset-key="6iv6a-1-0"><span data-text="true"> </span></span></div></div><div class="x1e56ztr" data-block="true" data-editor="30ji4" data-offset-key="6iv6a-0-0"><div class="_1mf _1mj" data-offset-key="6iv6a-0-0"><span class="yt-core-attributed-string yt-core-attributed-string--white-space-pre-wrap">
Marijn van Putten, Ph.D. (2013), Leiden University, is a historical linguist specializing in the linguistic history of Arabic, Berber and Semitic. In addition to this, his research focuses on the textual history of the Quran and the early history of the Quranic reading traditions.</span></div><div class="_1mf _1mj" data-offset-key="6iv6a-0-0"><span class="yt-core-attributed-string yt-core-attributed-string--white-space-pre-wrap"> </span></div><div class="_1mf _1mj" data-offset-key="6iv6a-0-0"><span data-offset-key="6iv6a-1-0"><span data-text="true"> </span></span><span class="x1fey0fg"><span data-offset-key="6iv6a-2-0"><span data-text="true">https://youtu.be/BwZ7S2C4Mtw</span></span></span></div><div class="_1mf _1mj" data-offset-key="6iv6a-0-0"><span class="x1fey0fg"><span data-offset-key="6iv6a-2-0"><span data-text="true"> </span></span></span></div><div class="_1mf _1mj" data-offset-key="6iv6a-0-0"><span class="x1fey0fg"><span data-offset-key="6iv6a-2-0"><span data-text="true"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/BwZ7S2C4Mtw" width="320" youtube-src-id="BwZ7S2C4Mtw"></iframe></div><br /></span></span></span></div></div></div><p> </p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-49440856400114996382023-04-28T21:56:00.003-07:002023-04-28T22:18:08.702-07:00Jesus: The Abd/Slave/Servant/Abda/Ebed of God<div dir="auto"><div class="x1iorvi4 x1pi30zi x1l90r2v x1swvt13" id=":rgk:"><h2 style="text-align: left;"><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x1lliihq x1s928wv xhkezso x1gmr53x x1cpjm7i x1fgarty x1943h6x xudqn12 x3x7a5m x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u" dir="auto"><div class="x1e56ztr"><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u"><span><b>Jesus is the Abd/slave/servant of God:</b></span></span></div></span></h2><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x1lliihq x1s928wv xhkezso x1gmr53x x1cpjm7i x1fgarty x1943h6x xudqn12 x3x7a5m x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u" dir="auto"><div class="x1e56ztr"><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u"><span><b> </b></span></span></div></span><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x1lliihq x1s928wv xhkezso x1gmr53x x1cpjm7i x1fgarty x1943h6x xudqn12 x3x7a5m x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u" dir="auto"><div class="x1e56ztr" style="text-align: left;"><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u">As we know, it's <i>mutually exclusive</i> to be "<span style="color: #2b00fe;">The Supreme Creator</span>" [The Master] and to be His "<span style="color: #2b00fe;">Slave/servant</span>" at the same time..</span></div></span></h3><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x1lliihq x1s928wv xhkezso x1gmr53x x1cpjm7i x1fgarty x1943h6x xudqn12 x3x7a5m x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u" dir="auto"><div class="x1e56ztr"><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u"> </span></div><div class="x1e56ztr"><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u">The Hebrew word "עֶבֶד" is related to the Arabic word "عبد" and to the Aramaic word </span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b>ܥܒܕܐ</b> </span>(ʿaḇdā).<span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u"> These words mean "servant" or "slave". </span></div><div class="x1e56ztr"><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u"> </span></div><div class="x1e56ztr"><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u"> The Greek word <span><b>pais </b></span>derives from the Hebrew עֶבֶד <span><b>ebed</b></span>, which bears the primary meaning of servant, or <span><b>slave</b></span>.
Hence, the primary translation of pais theou is “servant of God,”
with “child” or “son of God” being an extravagant embellishment.
According to the Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, “The
Hebrew original of pais in the phrase pais theou, i.e., ebed, carries a
stress on personal relationship and has first the sense of ‘<span><b>slave</b></span>.’</span></div><div class="x1e56ztr"><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u"> </span></div><div class="x1e56ztr"><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u"> <div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiuoFnPaTiW1RnHGTyrB4FTzrtrZ_5Q9Lh_XRtcJ9yLGKzk4hbXR5VmnJsNf7VdjIp-kjTA8BHmDT_1z_1zwY0GJjeIIofvB5OmCt9Elaaky6MLtL7YLErCDqTU3yT-j2Pz9yj0GWoia901nZT5_MRQ2QjuARYbUb8mi6uAvyqrz8XTP1RN7Cj4vyP/s534/slave%20word.png"><img alt="Abda , Abd, Pais, Ebed, Eved" border="0" data-original-height="534" data-original-width="461" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiuoFnPaTiW1RnHGTyrB4FTzrtrZ_5Q9Lh_XRtcJ9yLGKzk4hbXR5VmnJsNf7VdjIp-kjTA8BHmDT_1z_1zwY0GJjeIIofvB5OmCt9Elaaky6MLtL7YLErCDqTU3yT-j2Pz9yj0GWoia901nZT5_MRQ2QjuARYbUb8mi6uAvyqrz8XTP1RN7Cj4vyP/s16000/slave%20word.png" title="Jesus, the slave of God" /></a></div><br /></span></div><div class="x1e56ztr"><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u"> </span></div><div class="x1e56ztr"><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u">This
is all the more interesting because it dovetails perfectly with the
prophecy of Isaiah 42:1, upheld in Matthew 12:18: “Behold, My <span><b>servant </b></span>[i.e.,
from the Greek pais] whom I have chosen, My beloved in whom my soul
is well pleased …” Whether a person reads the King James , New KJ
Version, NRSV, or NIV, the word is “<span><b>servant</b></span>” in all cases.</span></div><div class="x1e56ztr"><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u"> </span></div><div class="x1e56ztr"><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u">For more details, see</span><a href="#"> </a><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u"><a href="https://islamhouse.com/read/en/jesus-christ-son-of-god-430726" target="_blank">this article by Laurence B. Brown MD .<br /></a></span></div><div class="x1e56ztr"><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u"> </span></div><div class="x1e56ztr"><b><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u">Bonus:</span></b></div><div class="x1e56ztr"><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u"> <br /></span></div><div class="x1e56ztr"><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u">Here's how to write "slave of God" in Aramaic (the language of Prophet Jesus) with transliteration: </span></div><div class="x1e56ztr"><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u"> <span style="font-size: x-large;">ܥܒܕܐ ܕ<span style="color: red;">ܐܠܗ</span> <br /></span></span></div><div class="x1e56ztr"><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u"><span style="font-size: large;">(abda d'<span style="color: red;">Alah</span>) </span></span></div><div class="x1e56ztr"><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u">Note that the Aramaic script is written from right to left (as Arabic & Hebrew), and the transliteration represents the Aramaic characters using the English alphabet. </span></div><div class="x1e56ztr"><span class="x193iq5w xeuugli x13faqbe x1vvkbs x1xmvt09 x6prxxf xvq8zen xo1l8bm xzsf02u">For the Aramaic word of God, see <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230429044353/https://www.atour.com/cgi-bin/dictionary.cgi?string=god&Search_Field=Meaning" target="_blank">the Aramaic Lexicon here</a>.</span></div></span></div></div><p><br /><br /><br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-22304703517353710152022-06-10T21:00:00.005-07:002022-06-10T21:00:56.128-07:00Age of marriage in Hinduism<p>Today in India, <span> the minimum <em>age of marriage</em> by law is at 18 years for women and at 21 for men. However, according to the official data, more than 12 millions [of which 84% are Hindus] are married below 10 years of age. </span> </p><p>More than 125 million males were married before the legal age (42% of male population) and more than 102 million females (30% of female population) were married before the legal age in 2011. (<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220606123704/https://www.indiaspend.com/84-of-12-million-married-children-under-10-are-hindus-82446/" target="_blank">source</a>)</p><p>Historically, there was no minimum age for marriage in India throughout ages. Books considered sacred by Hindus point out that it was common for girls about 6 or 8 years old to be married. </p><p>The book <b><em>Manu-smriti</em></b> “Laws of Manu” that prescribes to Hindus their dharma (obligations) which is, according to<span><em> Encyclopaedia Britannica</em></span>, the most authoritative of the books of the Hindu code (Dharma-shastra) mentions in chapter IX (that concerned with issues related to marriages) a usual custom of marriage of girls 8 years old:</p><blockquote><p>94. A man, aged thirty years, shall marry a maiden of twelve who pleases
him, or a man of twenty-four<b> a girl eight years of age</b>; if (the
performance of) his duties would (otherwise) be impeded, (he must marry)
sooner. (<a href="https://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/manu/manu09.htm">source</a>)<br /><br /></p></blockquote><p style="text-align: left;">The laws of Manu also don't forbid that the girl is married before she attains the age of puberty:</p><blockquote><p style="text-align: left;">88. To a distinguished, handsome suitor (of) equal (caste) should (a
father) give his daughter in accordance with the prescribed rule, <b>though
she have not attained (the proper age)</b>.</p></blockquote><p style="text-align: left;">The <span><em>Gautama's Dharmasūtra</em>, which is believed to be the oldest of the four Hindu Dharmasastras, doesn't consider puberty a prerequisite for marriage:<br /></span></p><blockquote><p>21. A girl should be given in marriage <b>before (she attains the age of) puberty</b>.<sup class="ftnt"><a class="ftn" href="https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/gautama-dharmas%C5%ABtra/d/doc116318.html#note-e-63207" name="note-t-63207" title="Manu IX, 88."></a></sup></p>
<p>22. He who neglects it, commits sin. (<a href="https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/gautama-dharmas%C5%ABtra/d/doc116318.html" target="_blank">source</a>)<sup class="ftnt"><a class="ftn" href="https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/gautama-dharmas%C5%ABtra/d/doc116318.html#note-e-63208" name="note-t-63208" title="Manu IX, 4; Yājñavalkya I, 64. 'He who,' i.e. the father or guardian."></a></sup></p><p style="text-align: left;"></p></blockquote><p style="text-align: left;">Indian gods have many stories of early marriages; <b>the Skanda Purana</b>, the largest of the eighteen <span>Mukyapurana [</span>major puranas], tell us about the marriage of Rāma to a 6 years old girl:</p><blockquote><p style="text-align: left;">8-9. The bow of Īśvara that was kept in the abode of Janaka, was broken. In his fifteenth year, O king, <b>Rāma married the six-year old beautiful daughter</b> of the king of Mithilā, Sītā who was not born of a womb. On getting Sītā, Rāghava became contented and happy. (<a href="https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/the-skanda-purana/d/doc423651.html" target="_blank">source</a>)</p></blockquote><p> Another passage tells us about a 8 year old girl:</p><blockquote><p>As time passed on she became a girl of eight years. The king recollected
the words of the unembodied being and became worried. ‘To whom shall I
give this daughter? Who will be the four-armed one?’......“Go ahead, O Kṛṣṇa,
O mighty one. Let the jewel of a girl be seized quickly. I shall follow
you closely behind causing much havoc unto all these demons.”.On getting the consent of Saṅkarṣaṇa, Keśava, the slayer of Keśin, seized the girl, immediately put her on the chariot and went off.(<a href="https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/the-skanda-purana/d/doc425871.html" target="_blank">source</a>)</p></blockquote><p>Lately, Indian <span class="ILfuVd"><span class="hgKElc">Prime Minister Modi government has proposed to raise the legal age of marriage of women to 21 from 18 years. </span></span><span class="ILfuVd"><span class="hgKElc">According to PM Modi, increasing the legal age of marriage will empower girls and will help in building their careers.</span></span> </p><p></p><p><span></span></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-18069243178471896272021-02-02T03:37:00.000-08:002021-02-02T03:37:00.683-08:00The need for revelation<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiooId-HI2-xT4hPrfdbKvCpwKNx89-qKTNCLW2S9ccU1PCx_X_6XnuCegAIqz9yp4ca1D_2u7QRJEsWVc0QE1zlprWu5fQf40zkpluSIR6tq-yE8qcnH_CdecLrHG8-0ASYb05Je-NCug/s900/need+revelation.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="900" data-original-width="786" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiooId-HI2-xT4hPrfdbKvCpwKNx89-qKTNCLW2S9ccU1PCx_X_6XnuCegAIqz9yp4ca1D_2u7QRJEsWVc0QE1zlprWu5fQf40zkpluSIR6tq-yE8qcnH_CdecLrHG8-0ASYb05Je-NCug/w558-h640/need+revelation.jpg" width="558" /></a></div><br /><p></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-13294848561674548352021-02-01T15:29:00.002-08:002021-02-01T15:29:06.574-08:00Quran unique coherence<p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/8o65urzxHfs" width="320" youtube-src-id="8o65urzxHfs"></iframe></div><br /><p></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-54310439072630512302021-01-26T04:26:00.005-08:002021-01-26T04:26:30.670-08:00Did God of the true Messiah protect him from being crucified by his enemies? <p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Hxius3BXM-8" width="320" youtube-src-id="Hxius3BXM-8"></iframe></div><br /><p></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-56474491400526478252020-06-13T00:33:00.001-07:002020-06-13T00:41:26.731-07:00Do Christians believe that David is a biblical Prophet or he was "just a king" ?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Prophet David is well known by the followers of Islam, Christianity, and Judaism.<br />
<br />
In Islam, David is recognized as a Prophet, a messenger, and a king. Muslims do not accept the sins of adultery and murder attributed to
David in the Bible because Islam teaches us that the Prophets <a href="https://aboutislam.net/reading-islam/understanding-islam/prophetic-sin-do-prophets-sin/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">do not commit such grave crimes</a>. David’s most significant role was his piety. His righteousness stands out, and his submission to God shapes his rise to power.<br />
<br />
Abdullah Ibn Amr Ibn Al-As narrated: Allah's Apostle (pbuh) said to me:
"<i>The most beloved fasting to Allah was the fasting of the Prophet
David, who used to fast alternate days. And the most beloved prayer to
Allah was the prayer of David, who used to sleep the first half of the
night, and pray for one third of it and again sleep for a sixth of it</i>.'"
(Bukhari).<br />
<br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
<b>The question is:</b> <b>Does the bible mention that David was a Prophet ?</b></h3>
<br />
<b>The answer is <span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><i>Yes</i> </span>! </b><br />
<b></b><br />
<div class="passage-display" style="text-align: left;">
<b></b><br />
<span class="passage-display-bcv">Acts 2:29-30</span> <span class="passage-display-version">(NIV)</span></div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span class="text Acts-2-29" id="en-NIV-26979"><sup class="versenum">29 </sup>“Fellow Israelites, I can tell you confidently that the patriarch <b><span style="color: red;">David </span></b>died and was buried, and his tomb is here to this day.</span> <span class="text Acts-2-30" id="en-NIV-26980"><sup class="versenum">30 </sup>But <b><span style="color: blue;">he was a prophet </span></b>and knew that God had promised him on oath that he would place one of his descendants on his throne.</span></blockquote>
<br />
David also delivered God’s message and used his melodious voice to
delight people and remind them of God. When he recited the Psalms the
people, animals, birds and everything in nature listened and glorified
God !</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-21952571752500622042020-05-01T11:04:00.000-07:002020-07-01T06:05:13.909-07:00Is YHWH referred to in the Quran ?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="_5pbx userContent _3ds9 _3576" data-ft="{"tn":"K"}" data-testid="post_message" id="js_21">
<br />
By Ebrahim Saifuddin<br />
<br />
There are Christians who tend to make a point that the Bible mentions
in Exodus 3:14 that the name of God is “Yahweh” or “Jehovah” (depends on
where one puts the vowels) but this name does not appear in the Qur’an.
Hence they claim that the Qur’an cannot be the Word of God and Prophet
Muhammad ﷺ cannot be a Messenger of God, because there is no reference
to the personal name of God which appears in the Old Testament 6823
times.<br />
<br />
<span style="color: blue;"><b>YHWH (Yahweh) in the Bible</b></span><br />
<br />
Let’s first read the concerned verse in the Bible in context:<br />
Moses said to God, “Suppose I go to the Israelites and say to them,
‘The God of your fathers has sent me to you,’ and they ask me, ‘What is
his name?’ Then what shall I tell them?”<br />
God said to Moses, “I am who I am. This is what you are to say to the Israelites: ‘I AM has sent me to you.’”<br />
God also said to Moses, “Say to the Israelites, ‘The LORD, the God of
your fathers—the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of
Jacob—has sent me to you.’ This is my name forever, the name by which I
am to be remembered from generation to generation. – [Exodus 3:13-15]<br />
The Hebrew word that is translated as “I AM” in English, is YHWH (known
as the Tetragrammaton) which commonly the Christians read as Yahweh or
Jehovah by inserting vowels. The Hebrew form of YHWH is as below:<br />
יהוה<br />
The objection which Christians raise is that as we see in Exodus 3:15,
God says that this is his name forever thus they say if Prophet Muhammad
ﷺ was a Messenger of Allah then he should have made some reference to
this personal name of God, Yahweh/Jehovah, to prove that he is really a
Messenger of God.<br />
<br />
<span style="color: blue;"><b>Pronunciation of the word YHWH</b></span><br />
<br />
“Yahweh”
and “Jehovah” are two pronunciations formed by humans much later.
Although the Jewish Encyclopedia labels the word “Jehovah” to be a
philological impossibility, the Christian world tends to use this
pronunciation till this day. Coming back to the pronunciation of this
word YHWH, the Catholic Encyclopedia brings it to our attention:<br />
“According to a Rabbinic tradition the real pronunciation of Jehovah
ceased to be used at the time of Simeon the Just, who was, according to
Maimonides, a contemporary of Alexander the Great. At any rate, it
appears that the name was no longer pronounced after the destruction of
the Temple.”<br />
Moreover we are also informed by the same
encyclopedia that “the modern Jews are as uncertain of the real
pronunciation of the Sacred name as their Christian contemporaries”
[emphasis added]. Hence one thing has been made apparent that neither
the Jews nor the Christians know the true pronunciation of this word.
This word was considered to be ineffable by the Jews and thus with time
people lost the knowledge of its true pronunciation.<br />
<br />
<b><span style="color: blue;">Meaning of YHWH (Yahweh)</span></b><br />
<br />
As it was made apparent that we do not know how to pronounce the word
“YHWH”, we must now look and understand what this word means so as to
get an understanding of the word itself. The Jewish Encyclopedia informs
us that the meaning of the name “YHWH” is “‘He who is self-existing,
self-sufficient’, or, more concretely, ‘He who lives’” [emphasis added].
Hence in simplest of terms “YHWH” means The Living and Self-Subsisting.<br />
<br />
<span style="color: blue;"><b>Did Biblical Jesus use the name YHWH?</b></span><br />
<br />
Up till now two things have been made clear; the real pronunciation of
the word is not available and that the meaning of this word is
“self-existing and self sufficient”, in short “He who lives”. So now it
must be established whether Jesus did use this name Yahweh in any place.
The only verse which Christendom can quote to try to prove that Jesus
used this word is in the Gospel of John which is as below:<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
“I tell you the truth,” Jesus answered, “before Abraham was born, I am!” – [John 8:58]</blockquote>
As we see that the verse consists of the phrase “I am”, the Christians
say that Jesus has used the word YHWH. So let us take a look at the
Greek version of the verse as we all know that the biblical manuscripts
with the Christian world are in the language Greek although there is no
concrete evidence that Jesus knew this language.<br />
The words translated as “I am” are: ἐγώ εἰμί<br />
Transliterated as: egō eimi<br />
Pronounced as: eg-o’ i-mee’<br />
So the words used here are “ego eimi” which simply means “I am” – a
means of designating oneself. Not only “ego eimi” simply means “I am” as
one would use “I am” in their everyday talk in the English language,
“ego eimi” is no where near to the meaning of YHWH which is seen above
to mean The Living, Self Subsisting. So not only does this not sound
anything like the proposed pronunciation of the word YHWH, it does not
even carry the meaning of the word.<br />
<br />
<span style="color: blue;"><b>Was “ego eimi” used Exclusively by Jesus?</b></span><br />
<br />
The term “ego eimi” which simply means “I am” is used in numerous
places in the Bible and there are instances when this term is used by
people other than Jesus. Just to give a quick example, the blind man
whom Jesus cured uses the same words as well in the Gospel of John:<br />
Some said, This is he: others said, He is like him: but he said, I am he. – [John 9:9]<br />
Do note the deception which the Christian world uses. In the Greek
manuscripts there is no “he” in the text. The verse ends at “I am”. The
same phrase “ego eimi” is used in the Greek texts. Due to the absence of
“he” in the biblical manuscripts, “Young’s Literal Translation”
provides the following translation for the same verse:<br />
Others
said — `This is he;’ and others — `He is like to him;’ he himself said, —
‘I am [he].’ – [Young’s Literal Translation of John 9:9]<br />
Notice
that the term “he” is placed in parenthesis because this word is not
present in the biblical manuscripts. Any form of term that is not in the
text being translated should be written in parenthesis to convey the
meaning and not cause deception such that people would believe that it
is part of the original text.<br />
<br />
So by using the phrase “ego eimi”
was the blind man suggesting that he was YHWH?<br />
<br />
Obviously not and no
Christian would dare to claim that he was. So then why did he use the
term “ego eimi”? Simply because this word means nothing but the same as
“I am” in the English language.<br />
Similarly there are other
examples in the Bible which prove that this phrase “ego eimi” was not
used only by Jesus and it certainly does not hold the meaning of YHWH as
seen earlier.<br />
If, however Christendom wants to claim that “ego
eimi” refers to “YHWH”, the personal name of God, they have to accept
that when traveling from Hebrew to Greek, the word was not used as
“YHWH” (Yahweh) but an alternate word(s) was used “ego eimi” which was a
reference to the actual name YHWH.<br />
<br />
<h2 style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: red;">Does Qur’an Make Any Reference to YHWH?</span></h2>
So far we have learnt 4 points which I will list so as to refresh all that we have learnt so far:<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;">
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b> Actual pronunciation of YHWH is lost. </b></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b> YHWH means “Self-Subsisting”, “The Living”.</b></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b> Jesus did not use the term “YHWH”.</b></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b> Christians cannot deny that traveling from Hebrew to Greek another term was used to refer to YHWH.</b></span></li>
</ul>
Thus we see that the Qur’an should have a reference to the term YHWH
rather than having the term “YHWH” as the Qur’an was revealed in the
Arabic and not the Hebrew. The golden question thus would be was any
such reference made to the term “YHWH” in the Quran or by Prophet
Muhammad ﷺ?<br />
The answer is a definite “YES”.<br />
<br />
We have learnt
so far that the meaning of the term “YHWH” is The Living, Self
Subsisting and although the term “Allah” is used in the Quran, this word
simply means “The God”.<br />
However, we know that Islamic teachings
inform us of 99 names (attributes) of Allah and the Quran informs us
that to Allah belongs the most beautiful names and we can call him by
any of these beautiful names:<br />
<br />
He is Allah, the Creator, the
Evolver, the Bestower of Forms (or Colours). To Him belong the Most
beautiful names: whatever is in the heavens and on earth, doth declare
His Praises and Glory: and He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise. –
[Quran 59:24]<br />
<br />
Say: “Call upon Allah, or call upon Rahman: by
whatever name ye call upon Him, (it is well): for to Him belong the Most
beautiful names. Neither speak thy Prayer aloud, nor speak it in a low
tone, but seek a middle course between.” – [Quran 17:110]<br />
<br />
Thus we see that there are many different names of Allah, some of which I have listed below:<br />
Al-‘Adl – The Just, The Equitable<br />
Al-‘Afuw – The Pardoner<br />
Al-‘Asim – The Protector<br />
Ad-Dafi` – The Remover of Tribulations<br />
Ar-Rahman Ar-Raheem – The Most Gracious, the Most Merciful<br />
<br />
Just like these above-mentioned beautiful names of Allah we also learn
of two other names which combined are read as Hayyul-Qayyum:<br />
<br />
<span style="color: red;"><b>Hayyul-Qayyum – The Living, Self-Subsisting</b></span><br />
YHWH – The Living, Self-Subsisting<br />
Here it has been proven that there is clear reference to the name YHWH
in the Qur’an which crumbles the Christian stand that Islam has no
reference to the name YHWH and thus Prophet Muhammad ﷺ is not the
Messenger of Allah.<br />
Stressed Importance of Hayyul-Qayyum<br />
One of the verses which has Allah referred to by the name Hayyul-Qayyum
is in Ayat-ul-Qursi (The Verse of the Throne). Ayat-ul-Qursi has
multitude benefits but apart from Ayat-ul-Qursi having its benefits,
this verse with “Hayyul-Qayyum” mentioned in it was referred to by
Prophet Muhammad ﷺ as the “greatest”:<br />
<br />
Ubayy bin Ka’b said:
Allah’s Messenger (May peace be upon him) said: O Abu’ al-Mundhir, do
you know the verse from the Book of Allah which, according to you, is
the greatest? I said: Allah and His Apostle (May peace be upon him) know
best. He again said: Abu’l-Mundhir, do you know the verse from the Book
of Allah which, according to you, is the greatest? I said: “Allahu La
ilaha illa Huwal Hayyul Qayyum.” Thereupon he struck me on my breast
and said: May knowledge be pleasant for you, O Abu’l-Mundhir! – [Sahih
Muslim, Book 4, #1768]<br />
<br />
In another narration, Prophet Muhammad ﷺ
heard the man use “Hayyul-Qayyum” in his supplication and the Prophet ﷺ
said that he has supplicated using Allah’s Greatest Name:<br />
Narrated by Anas Ibn Malik: I was sitting with the Apostle of Allah ﷺ
and a man was offering prayer. He then made supplication: O Allah, I ask
Thee by virtue of the fact that praise is due to Thee, there is no
deity but Thou, Who showest favour and beneficence, the Originator of
the Heavens and the earth, O Lord of Majesty and Splendour, O Living
One, O Eternal One.<br />
<br />
The Prophet ﷺ then said: He has supplicated
Allah using His Greatest Name, when supplicated by this name, He
answers, and when asked by this name He gives. – [Abu Dawood, Book 2,
#1490]<br />
Yet another hadith to show the importance stressed by Prophet Muhammad ﷺ on the Hayyul-Qayyum:<br />
<br />
Narrated by Asma’ daughter of Yazid: The Prophet (pbuh) said: Allah’s
Greatest Name is in these two verses: “And your deity is one deity;
there is no deity but He, the Compassionate the Merciful,” and the
beginning of Surah Al ‘Imran, A.L.M. “Allahu La ilaha illa Huwal Hayyul
Qayyum.”– [Abu Dawood, Book 2, #1491]<br />
<br />
<h3 style="text-align: left;">
Conclusion</h3>
With the
grace of Allah it can be seen that there is a clear reference to YHWH in
the Quran. This reference is much stronger than what the Christians
claim to be a reference to YHWH in the New Testament. The word “ego
eimi” is in no way the Greek word for YHWH nor does it hold the meaning
of YHWH. However as seen, there is a clear reference to the term YHWH in
the Quran as well as the Hadith.<br />
<br />
The Quran gives us many
beautiful names of Allah, some of which have been mentioned above, and a
Muslim can call upon Allah with any of his beautiful names unlike the
followers of the Bible who do not even know how to pronounce the
‘personal name’ revealed to them. Indeed much of the truth in those
books is lost just like the pronunciation of YHWH is lost and the Quran
is sent to restore that which is lost – The Criterion.<br />
Some More Beautiful Names of Allah<br />
Al-Ghani – The Self-Sufficient, The Rich Beyond Need<br />
Al-Awwal – The First<br />
Al-‘Aakhir – The Last<br />
Al-Barr – The Source of All Goodness<br />
Al-Baaqi – The Everlasting One<br />
Al-Haqq – The Truth<br />
Al-Khaliq – The Creator<br />
Al-Kafi – The Sufficient One<br />
Ash-Shahid – The Witness</div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-86969507372978066712020-03-16T12:03:00.000-07:002020-03-22T14:42:19.171-07:00Re: Muhammad on Torah "I believed in thee and in Him Who revealed thee."<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Question </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Did Prophet Muhammad believe in the corrupted Torah ?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Answer:</span></div>
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<span style="color: blue;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">1- Is the hadith authentic ?</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Narrated Abdullah Ibn Umar:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">A group of Jews came and invited the Messenger of Allah (</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "arial unicode ms" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">ﷺ</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>)
to Quff. So he visited them in their school. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">They said: AbulQasim, one of our men has committed
fornication with a woman; so pronounce judgment upon them. They placed a
cushion for the Messenger of Allah (</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "arial unicode ms" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">ﷺ</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>) who sat on it
and said: Bring the Torah. It was then brought. He then withdrew the cushion
from beneath him and placed the Torah on it saying: </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">"I believed in thee and in Him Who revealed thee."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">He then said: Bring me one who is learned among you. Then a
young man was brought. The transmitter then mentioned the rest of the tradition
of stoning similar to the one transmitted by Malik from Nafi'(No. 4431). </span></div>
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<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "times" , "serif"; font-size: 18.0pt;">حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ
الْهَمْدَانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، حَدَّثَنِي <span style="color: red;">هِشَامُ
بْنُ سَعْد</span>ٍ، أَنَّ زَيْدَ بْنَ أَسْلَمَ، حَدَّثَهُ </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "serif"; font-size: 18.0pt;"> </span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "times" , "serif"; font-size: 18.0pt;">عَنِ
ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ أَتَى نَفَرٌ مِنْ يَهُودَ فَدَعَوْا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى
الله عليه وسلم إِلَى الْقُفِّ فَأَتَاهُمْ فِي بَيْتِ الْمِدْرَاسِ</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "times" , "serif"; font-size: 18.0pt;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span> </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "times" , "serif"; font-size: 18.0pt;">فَقَالُوا يَا أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ إِنَّ
رَجُلاً مِنَّا زَنَى بِامْرَأَةٍ فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "serif"; font-size: 18.0pt;"> </span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "times" , "serif"; font-size: 18.0pt;">فَوَضَعُوا
لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وِسَادَةً فَجَلَسَ عَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times" , "serif"; font-size: 18.0pt;"> </span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "times" , "serif"; font-size: 18.0pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL"></span>"
ائْتُونِي بِالتَّوْرَاةِ " . فَأُتِيَ بِهَا فَنَزَعَ الْوِسَادَةَ مِنْ
تَحْتِهِ فَوَضَعَ التَّوْرَاةَ عَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ " آمَنْتُ بِكِ
وَبِمَنْ أَنْزَلَكِ " . ثُمَّ قَالَ " ائْتُونِي بِأَعْلَمِكُمْ
" . فَأُتِيَ بِفَتًى شَابٍّ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ قِصَّةَ الرَّجْمِ نَحْوَ
حَدِيثِ مَالِكٍ عَنْ نَافِعٍ .</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Grade</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
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<td style="padding: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; width: 36.0%;" width="36%"><div class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">: <b>Hasan</b> (Al-Albani)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> <b> </b></span><b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">حسن</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span> (</span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">الألباني</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>) </span></div>
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<b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">حكم</span></b><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span> :</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Reference</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> : <a href="http://sunnah.com/abudawud/40/99">Sunan
Abi Dawud 4449</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">In-book reference</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> : Book 40, Hadith 99</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">English translation</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> : Book 39, Hadith 4434</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">This report is considered <b>weak</b> because
one of its reporters is <span style="color: red;"><b>Hisham ibn Sa'd</b></span> whose narratives are <u>disturbed</u>
and <u>corrupted</u> according to many hadith critics like <span style="background: yellow; mso-highlight: yellow;">Ibn Hanbal, Ibn Ma'een, Abu
Hatem, al-Nisa'ee, Ibn Sa'd, Ibn 'Adii, al-Madini, al-Hakim, al-'Aqili, Ibn
Habban</span> and others.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">This is the reason why Ibn Hazm notes:</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">"As
for the report in which the Prophet (peace be upon him) took the Torah and
said: "I believe in thee", it is a </span><span style="color: red; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">fabricated </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">false report that did
not reach us with proper chain of transmission" (Ibn Hazm, Al-Fisal fe
al-Milal wa al-Ahwaa wa al-Nihal, Volume 1, p. 237)</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">It is also worthy to note that this particular
hadith <b>has been reported through multiple chains of transmission; however,
no one has ever mentioned the incident</b> of the Prophet (saws) praising the
Torah except in the report of Hisham ibn Sa'd from Zaid ibn Aslam.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><a href="http://sunnah.com/abudawud/40/96">The one transmitted from Malik:</a></span><span style="mso-bidi-language: AR-EG;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
Some jews came to the Messenger of Allah (<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "arial unicode ms" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">ﷺ</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>) and mentioned to him
that a man and a women of their number had committed fornication. The Messenger
of Allah (<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "arial unicode ms" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">ﷺ</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>)
asked them: What do you find in the Torah about stoning? They replied: We
disgrace them and they should be flogged. ‘Abd Allah b. Salam said: You lie; it
contains (instruction for) stoning. So they brought the Torah and spread it
out, and one of them put his hand over the verse of stoning and read what preceded
it and what followed it. ‘Abd Allah b. Salam said to him: Lift your hand. When
he did so, the verse of stoning was seen to be in it. They then said: He has
spoken the truth, Muhammad, the verse of stoning is in it. The Messenger of
Allah (<span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-family: "arial unicode ms" , "sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">ﷺ</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span>)
then gave command regarding them, and they were stoned to death. ‘Abd Allah b.
‘Umar said: I saw the man leaning on the woman protecting her from the stones.<span style="mso-bidi-language: AR-EG;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<span style="mso-bidi-language: AR-EG;"><span class="size26 Arial26" style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue;">2- What does the report indicate ? </span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br />
This is evidence of honoring and respecting the supposedly revealed books, putting it on the pillow which is a high place in order to keep it at a high place. In addition to this, these books are not free of mentioning the names of the Lord and it is an obligation to glorify His Names and Attributes. <br />
<br />
So, while this tradition leaves no doubt that the passage in the Torah that prescribes the stoning of adulterers is authentic, it cannot be used to prove the authenticity of other passages. The additional sentence would only refer to the origin and the core of the Torah, not its textual status, as Imam Ibn Hajar has noted.<span style="mso-bidi-language: AR-EG;"><span class="size26 Arial26" style="color: black; font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><span style="color: blue;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman";"><br /></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<a href="http://www.answering-christian-claims.com/False_Stories_About_Prophet_Muhammad.html">Refuting Arguements against Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) </a><span style="mso-bidi-language: AR-EG;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" dir="LTR" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed;">
<br /></div>
<a href="https://www.call-to-monotheism.com/refuting_the_argument_that_the_prophet_claimed_that_the_corrupted_torah_was_revealed_from_god" target="_blank">Refuting the Argument That The Prophet Claimed That The Corrupted Torah Was Revealed From God</a><br />
<br />
<a href="https://comparativreligion.blogspot.com/2016/11/reasons-to-believe-in-corruption-of.html" target="_blank"> Reasons to believe in the corruption of the Torah </a><br />
<br />
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<span style="mso-bidi-language: AR-EG;"></span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-44141921118090361312020-03-16T10:22:00.002-07:002020-03-16T10:22:16.023-07:00Quran was honestly transmitted from Prophet Muhammad !<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
"<span class="text_exposed_show">One important fact that seems now beyond
serious doubt is that the Qur’ān, in some form, is a text dating from
the earliest history of the Muslim community. The careful work of
scholars like Déroche, Sadeghi, Puin, Sinai, Neuwirth, and others on
early Qur’ān manuscripts (including the Ṣan‘ā’ manuscripts) has led to
the identification and approximate dating of several very ancient
copies, or partial copies. These make it quite certain that the
Qur’ān—in some form—dates to the seventh century, and is not a text that
slowly crystallized in the eighth or ninth century. These early copies,
moreover, and work on the Qur’ān’s literary style, also seem to show
that many of the different sūrahs into which the Qur’ān is divided are
original units, not assemblages of disparate materials as was once
thought. These findings are important positive ground gained in our
understanding of the Qur’ān’s origin and early development".</span><br />
<br />
<span class="text_exposed_show">Fred Donner "Reflections on the History and Evolution of Western Study of the Qur’ān " </span><br />
<span class="text_exposed_show"><br /> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Early.History.Islam/posts/2817088211703240" target="_blank">Reference</a></span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-49343234393004314342020-01-19T05:05:00.000-08:002020-01-19T05:05:08.094-08:00Is Ishmael an illegitimate son of Prophet Abraham (PBUH)? - Deedat<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-16518029858375959162019-12-28T08:20:00.002-08:002019-12-28T08:20:20.888-08:00100 Instructions from the Quran !<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
1. Do not be rude in speech (3:159)<br /> 2. Restrain anger (3:134)<br /> 3. Be good to others (4:36)<br /> 4. Do not be arrogant (7:13)<br /> 5. Forgive others for their mistakes (7:199)<br /> 6. Speak to people mildly (20:44)<br /> 7. Lower your voice (31:19)<br /> 8. Do not ridicule others (49:11)<span class="text_exposed_show"><br /> 9. Be dutiful to parents (17:23)<br /> 10. Do not say a word of disrespect to parents (17:23)</span><br />
<span class="text_exposed_show"><br /> 11. Do not enter parents’ private room without asking permission (24:58)<br /> 12. Write down the debt (2:282)<br /> 13. Do not follow anyone blindly (2:170)<br /> 14. Grant more time to repay if the debtor is in hard times (2:280)<br /> 15. Don’t consume usury (2:275)<br /> 16. Do not engage in bribery (2:188)<br /> 17. Do not break the promise (2:177)<br /> 18. Keep the trust (2:283)<br /> 19. Do not mix the truth with falsehood (2:42)<br /> 20. Judge with justice between people (4:58)</span><br />
<span class="text_exposed_show"><br /> 21. Stand out firmly for justice (4:135)<br /> 22. Wealth of the dead should be distributed among their family members (4:7)<br /> 23. Women also have the right to inheritance (4:7)<br /> 24. Do not devour the property of orphans (4:10)<br /> 25. Protect orphans (2:220)<br /> 26. Do not consume one another’s wealth unjustly (4:29)<br /> 27. Try for settlement between people (49:9)<br /> 28. Avoid suspicion (49:12)<br /> 29. Do not spy or backbite (49:12)<br /> 30. Those who do not judge in accordance to God’s revelations are wrongdoers (5:45)</span><br />
<span class="text_exposed_show"><br /> 31. Spend wealth in charity (57:7)<br /> 32. Encourage feeding poor (107:3)<br /> 33. Help those in need by finding them (2:273)<br /> 34. Do not spend money extravagantly (17:29)<br /> 35. Do not invalidate charity with reminders (2:264)<br /> 36. Honor guests (51:26)<br /> 37. Order righteousness to people only after practicing it yourself (2:44)<br /> 38. Do not commit abuse on the earth (2:60)<br /> 39. Do not prevent people from going to mosques (2:114)<br /> 40. Fight only with those who fight you (2:190)</span><br />
<span class="text_exposed_show"><br /> 41. Keep the etiquettes of war (2:191)<br /> 42. Do not turn back in battle (8:15)<br /> 43. No compulsion in religion (2:256)<br /> 44. Believe in all prophets (2:285)<br /> 45. Do not have sexual intercourse during menstrual period (2:222)<br /> 46. Breast feed your children for two complete years (2:233)<br /> 47. Do not even approach unlawful sexual intercourse (17:32)<br /> 48. Choose rulers by their merit (2:247)<br /> 49. Do not burden a person beyond their scope (2:286)<br /> 50. Do not become divided (3:103)</span><br />
<span class="text_exposed_show"><br /> 51. Think deeply about the wonders and creation of this universe (3:191)<br /> 52. Men and Women have equal rewards for their deeds (3:195)<br /> 53. Do not marry those in your blood relation (4:23)<br /> 54. Men are protectors of women (4:34)<br /> 55. Do not be miserly (4:37)<br /> 56. Do not keep envy (4:54)<br /> 57. Do not kill each other (4:92)<br /> 58. Do not be an advocate for deceit (4:105)<br /> 59. Do not cooperate in sin and aggression (5:2)<br /> 60. Cooperate in righteousness (5:2)</span><br />
<span class="text_exposed_show"><br /> 61. ’Having majority’ is not a criterion of truth (6:116)<br /> 62. Be just (5:8)<br /> 63. Punish for crimes in an exemplary way (5:38)<br /> 64. Strive against sinful and unlawful acts (5:63)<br /> 65. Dead animals, blood, the flesh of swine are prohibited (5:3)<br /> 66. Avoid intoxicants and alcohol (5:90)<br /> 67. Do not gamble (5:90)<br /> 68. Do not insult others’ deities (6:108)<br /> 69. Don’t reduce weight or measure to cheat people (6:152)<br /> 70. Eat and drink, but be not excessive (7:31)</span><br />
<span class="text_exposed_show"><br /> 71. Wear good clothes during prayer times (7:31)<br /> 72. Protect and help those who seek protection (9:6)<br /> 73. Keep purity (9:108)<br /> 74. Never give up hope of Allah’s Mercy (12:87)<br /> 75. Allah will forgive those who have done wrong out of ignorance (16:119)<br /> 76. Invitation to God should be with wisdom and good instruction (16:125)<br /> 77. No one will bear others’ sins (17:15)<br /> 78. Do not kill your children for fear of poverty (17:31)<br /> 79. Do not pursue that of which you have no knowledge (17:36)</span><br />
<span class="text_exposed_show"><br /> 80. Keep aloof from what is vain (23:3)<br /> 81. Do not enter others’ houses without seeking permission (24:27)<br /> 82. Allah will provide security for those who believe only in Allah (24:55)<br /> 83. Walk on earth in humility (25:63)<br /> 84. Do not neglect your portion of this world (28:77)<br /> 85. Invoke not any other god along with Allah (28:88)<br /> 86. Do not engage in homosexuality (29:29)<br /> 87. Enjoin right, forbid wrong (31:17)<br /> 88. Do not walk in insolence through the earth (31:18)<br /> 89. Women should not display their finery (33:33)<br /> 90. Allah forgives all sins (39:53)</span><br />
<span class="text_exposed_show"><br /> 91. Do not despair of the mercy of Allah (39:53)<br /> 92. Repel evil by good (41:34)<br /> 93. Decide on affairs by consultation (42:38)<br /> 94. Most noble of you is the most righteous (49:13)<br /> 95. No monasticism in religion (57:27)<br /> 96. Those who have knowledge will be given a higher degree by Allah (58:11)<br /> 97. Treat non-Muslims in a kind and fair manner (60:8)<br /> 98. Save yourself from covetousness (64:16)<br /> 99. Seek forgiveness of Allah. He is Forgiving and Merciful (73:20)<br /> 100. Do not repel the petitioner/beggar (93:10)</span><br />
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<span class="text_exposed_show"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/9370921/posts/10117008391359264/" target="_blank">Source </a></span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-81091348952315279592019-11-25T12:11:00.002-08:002019-11-25T12:11:52.849-08:00Did Jesus claim to be God? Dr. Bart Ehrman<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-9145066961511423262019-11-03T11:58:00.000-08:002019-11-03T11:59:45.189-08:00Christian apologist: Mark (16:9-20) is fake but don't worry the bible is still reliable !<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-69099406084703112882019-07-06T07:17:00.002-07:002019-07-06T07:17:38.058-07:00Conservative Scholar "Dan Wallace" says the New Testament is Corrupted ! <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-39449621029508718052019-06-04T09:21:00.002-07:002019-06-04T09:21:41.271-07:00Why the New Testament is not Reliable ? Dr. Bart Ehrman explains<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-15458227768260053192019-02-21T14:38:00.000-08:002019-02-21T14:38:02.558-08:00Date of the Fourth Gospel !<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: black;"><strong><u>The Date of the Gospel of John in the Scholarly Literature</u></strong></span></div>
<span style="color: black;"> Needless to say, the pre-70
CE theory is not widely accepted by both Christian and secular
scholars. Most scholars date it to the late 1<sup>st</sup> century CE, while some even date it to “around the turn of the second century”.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn2" name="_ednref2" style="color: black;">[2]</a> Gary M. Burge states that:</span><br />
<blockquote>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: black;">“…we find a remarkable consensus of scholarly opinion that John was published somewhere between <span style="color: red;">80 </span>and <span style="color: red;">100</span>.”<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn3" name="_ednref3" style="color: black;">[3]</a></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="color: black;">Similarly, Lamar Williamson suggests a date “near the <span style="color: red;">end of the first century</span> C.E.”<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn4" name="_ednref4" style="color: black;">[4]</a>
This was echoed by the late D. Moody Smith Jr. in his commentary on the
Gospel of John, while also considering the early second century as
well. According to Smith (emphasis in the original):</span><br />
<blockquote>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="color: black;">“[g]iven 110 as the latest possible date <em>(terminus ante quem)</em>, we would then have a range of a couple of decades (<span style="color: red;">90-110</span>), within which John was likely written…”<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn5" name="_ednref5" style="color: black;">[5]</a></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="color: black;">Another Christian scholar, the late
Raymond Brown, believed the “final form” of the gospel was finished
between <span style="color: red;">100-110</span> CE (and no later than 125), while the “main composition”
was written around <span style="color: red;">90</span> CE.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn6" name="_ednref6" style="color: black;">[6]</a> </span><br />
<span style="color: black;"> Indeed, most of the dates
suggested by different scholars fall somewhere between the years 80-100,
with different preferred ranges. According to David Croteau (Liberty
University), these include 80-85 (Carson, Köstenberger and others),
80-90 (Godet), 80-100 (Hendriksen), and 90-100 (Brown, Witherington and
many others).<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn7" name="_ednref7" style="color: black;">[7]</a>
For his own part, Croteau favors a date between 80-100 but “with the
most likely time being toward the earlier side of that range”.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn8" name="_ednref8" style="color: black;">[8]</a> Here is a graphical representation of the different dates given, according to Croteau’s list,<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn9" name="_ednref9" style="color: black;">[9]</a>
which shows the general consensus for a date sometime around the end of
the first century (most favor a date between 90-100). This also shows
how difficult it is for scholars to come to any agreement on what the
date actually was:</span><br />
<img alt="John - Graph 1" class=" size-full wp-image-949 aligncenter" data-attachment-id="949" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="John – Graph 1" data-large-file="https://quranandbibleblog.files.wordpress.com/2019/02/john-graph-1.png?w=640?w=487" data-medium-file="https://quranandbibleblog.files.wordpress.com/2019/02/john-graph-1.png?w=640?w=300" data-orig-file="https://quranandbibleblog.files.wordpress.com/2019/02/john-graph-1.png?w=640" data-orig-size="487,289" data-permalink="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/john-graph-1/" src="https://quranandbibleblog.files.wordpress.com/2019/02/john-graph-1.png?w=640" /><br />
<img alt="John - Graph 2" class=" size-full wp-image-950 aligncenter" data-attachment-id="950" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-description="" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="John – Graph 2" data-large-file="https://quranandbibleblog.files.wordpress.com/2019/02/john-graph-2.png?w=640?w=481" data-medium-file="https://quranandbibleblog.files.wordpress.com/2019/02/john-graph-2.png?w=640?w=300" data-orig-file="https://quranandbibleblog.files.wordpress.com/2019/02/john-graph-2.png?w=640" data-orig-size="481,289" data-permalink="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/john-graph-2/" src="https://quranandbibleblog.files.wordpress.com/2019/02/john-graph-2.png?w=640" /><br />
<span style="color: black;">So it is clear that most scholars have
preferred a date towards the end of the first century, and some prefer a
date even into the early second century.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn10" name="_ednref10" style="color: black;">[10]</a> In fact, more scholars favor a date <em>after </em>100
CE than scholars who favor a pre-70 CE date. So where does that leave
the theory of the gospel being written before 70 CE? One of the most
vocal supporters of this theory is the contemporary NT scholar Daniel
Wallace, who primarily rests his argument on the basis of one particular
verse, John 5:2 (although it is certainly not the only reason).<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn11" name="_ednref11" style="color: black;">[11]</a></span><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: black;"><strong><u>John 5:2 as Proof for a Pre-70 CE Date and Analysis</u></strong></span></div>
<span style="color: black;"> John 5:2 states:</span><br />
<blockquote>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: black;">“<span style="color: blue;">Now there is
in Jerusalem near the Sheep Gate a pool, which in Aramaic is called
Bethesda[a] and which is surrounded by five covered colonnades</span>.” (NIV)</span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="color: black;">Wallace is particularly interested in the phrase “there is”, which in Greek is ἐστί (e-stē’).<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn12" name="_ednref12" style="color: black;">[12]</a>
He argues that the author wrote in the present tense, which implies
that the “Sheep Gate” of the temple (and thus the temple itself) was
still standing in his day. This matters because both the gate and the
pool at Bethesda were supposed to have been destroyed by the Romans in
70 CE, along with the temple. Thus, the argument goes, the gospel must
have been written before the destruction of the temple and not after.<br />
</span><br />
<span style="color: black;"> While this argument may be
plausible, there are still a few problems that cannot be explained.
First of all, just because the pool was in Jerusalem<span style="color: red;"> does not mean that
it was destroyed</span> along with the temple and its surrounding landmarks, or
that it was destroyed and <span style="color: red;"><em>never rebuilt</em></span>. It is also possible that the author of the gospel could have simply been referring to the <em>ruins</em>
of the pool. Andreas Köstenberger, a Christian scholar, argues against
using John 5:2 for dating the gospel to pre-70 CE on this basis. He
states that:</span><br />
<blockquote>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: black;">“…the
reference could be to remains of the structure or the structure could
have been rebuilt after being destroyed but prior to John’s writing…”<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn13" name="_ednref13" style="color: black;">[13]</a></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="color: black;">This is also suggested by the text of
the gospel itself, at least according to the New International Version
translation. Verse 3 is rendered as stating that people suffering from
all manner of disabilities and illnesses “used to lie” in the pool,
which implies that this was no longer the case in the author’s time:</span><br />
<blockquote>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: black;">“Now there is
in Jerusalem near the Sheep Gate a pool, which in Aramaic is called
Bethesda[a] and which is surrounded by five covered colonnades. Here a
great number of disabled people used to lie—the blind, the lame, the
paralyzed.”<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn14" name="_ednref14" style="color: black;">[14]</a></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="color: black;">Admittedly, other translations render
the verse differently, which would not imply the past tense. For
example, the English Standard Version (ESV) renders the verse as:</span><br />
<blockquote>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: black;">“In these lay a multitude of invalids–blind, lame, and paralyzed.”</span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="color: black;">So we need to dig deeper. As
Köstenberger suggested, what if the author was really referring to the
ruins of the pool, something people in his time would have been familiar
with? The ruins of the pool were well-known even to later Christians.
According to Titus Kennedy:</span><br />
<blockquote>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: black;">“Eusebius,
writing in the fourth century, mentions the “sheep pool” not the sheep
gate, and he identified it as a place of twin pools (Eusebius,
Onomasticon). The Bordeaux Pilgrim in the early fourth century calls
them twin pools but mentions no gate, while other writings of the fourth
and fifth centuries also mention the site of the pool, demonstrating
that the ruins of the pool were visited during the Late Roman and
Byzantine periods (Itinerarium Burdigalense; Cyril of Jerusalem;
Jerome).”<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn15" name="_ednref15" style="color: black;">[15]</a></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="color: black;">So if the ruins were known for centuries
after Jesus (peace be upon him), it seems plausible that the gospel was
referring to those ruins as well. In fact, it was well known to later
Christians up until the 7<sup>th</sup> century (during the Arab
conquest), when the precise location of the pool was lost, only to be
rediscovered by archaeologists in the 19<sup>th</sup> century. </span><br />
<span style="color: black;"> Moreover, some alternate versions of the text do indeed show that the author was writing in the <em>past</em> tense in the important second verse. According to <em>Benson’s Commentary</em> (emphasis in the original):</span><br />
<blockquote>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: black;">“[t]he Syriac seems to have read, ην, <em>there was</em>,
as it is rendered in that version in the past time. Cyril, Chrysostom,
and Theophylact favour this reading, as also does Nonnus.”<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn16" name="_ednref16" style="color: black;">[16]</a></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="color: black;">If this reading was correct,<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn17" name="_ednref17" style="color: black;">[17]</a>
then it follows that the author was indeed referring to the ruins of
the pool, since he was implying that the pool was no longer used for
such purposes, which could only have happened after the destruction of
Jerusalem by the Romans. </span><br />
<span style="color: black;"> </span><br />
<span style="color: black;"> The other problem is that
the text of John 5:2 <span style="color: red;">doesn’t even mention the word “gate”.</span> The Greek
text has been described as “rather obscure”,<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn18" name="_ednref18" style="color: black;">[18]</a>
which has resulted in most translations simply assuming that the author
spoke of the “Sheep Gate”, even though other translations are also
possible (such as “Sheep market”). As the <em>United States Conference of Catholic Bishops </em>(USCCB) admits:</span><br />
<blockquote>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: black;">“[t]here is
no noun with Sheep. “Gate” is supplied on the grounds that there must
have been a gate in the NE wall of the temple area where animals for
sacrifice were brought in…”<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn19" name="_ednref19" style="color: black;">[19]</a></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="color: black;">According to D. Moody Smith, the
obscurity may have been due to the simple matter of the author’s own
uncertainty. He explained that:</span><br />
<blockquote>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: black;">“…the
roughness and difficulties arise from the fact that the narrative is
here based on a more ancient tradition; perhaps the author himself was
not fully conversant with the material he was using.”<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn20" name="_ednref20" style="color: black;">[20]</a></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="color: black;">This may also explain the use of the
phrase “there is in/at Jerusalem” in John 5:2. It could merely have
been a direct quote of the earlier source (see note #20) that the author
was using and therefore not evidence that the entire gospel as it has
reached us was actually written before the destruction of the temple in
70 CE. Indeed, if the author was an eyewitness and new the landmarks of
Jerusalem quite well, why is the description so vague? </span><br />
<span style="color: black;"> Despite these issues, it is
still worthwhile to study the Greek phrase that has created so many
disagreements between scholars. As previously stated, Daniel Wallace is
supportive of the idea that the verse seems to be in the present tense,
which indicates that the author was writing at a time when the temple
and its various “gates” were still standing (i.e. before 70 CE). But
most other scholars are not convinced. The reason is of course that
there are other factors to consider when trying to date the gospel
itself. On the basis of these other factors, most scholars are simply
not persuaded by one verse to date the entire gospel. </span><br />
<span style="color: black;"> The Greek ἐστί ἐν (“there is in/at”) is in the present tense.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn21" name="_ednref21" style="color: black;">[21]</a>
But most scholars regard it as a “<span style="color: red;">historical present tense</span>”. Jason
Kerrigan quotes none other than Daniel Wallace himself (emphasis in the
original) to explain that:</span><br />
<blockquote>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: black;">“[t]he historical present is used fairly frequently in narrative literature to describe a past event…The <em>reason</em> for the use of the historical present is usually to portray an event <em>vividly</em>,
as though the reader were in the midst of the scene as it unfolds. […]
The historic present may be used to describe a past event, either for
the sake of <em>vividness</em> or to <em>highlight</em> some aspect of the narrative.”<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn22" name="_ednref22" style="color: black;">[22]</a></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="color: black;">So even though the Greek phrase <em>is</em>
in the present tense, it does not necessarily mean that the author was
literally writing in the present tense as if the temple and the pool at
Bethesda were still standing in his time. Köstenberger has argued that
John 10:8 and 19:40 serve as examples, similar to 5:2, of historical
presents of εἰμί (“to be” or “to exist”).<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn23" name="_ednref23" style="color: black;">[23]</a> Nevertheless, <em>Thayer’s Greek Lexicon</em>
includes John 5:2 among other verses where εἰμί is translated as “to be
found” or “there was” though it still defines the etymology of εἰμί as:</span><br />
<blockquote>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: black;">“[t]he first person singular present indicative…”<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn24" name="_ednref24" style="color: black;">[24]</a></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="color: black;">But Wallace has objected to the association of John 5:2, 10:8 and 19:40 as examples of historical presents of εἰμί.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn25" name="_ednref25" style="color: black;">[25]</a>
Nevertheless, Köstenberger maintains that “it is certainly possible” to
use “a past-referring use of the present tense of [εἰμί]”.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn26" name="_ednref26" style="color: black;">[26]</a> Croteau also identifies John 5:2 as “probable for inclusion” among a list of historical presents in the Gospel of John.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn27" name="_ednref27" style="color: black;">[27]</a>
He also includes John 19:40 in this list, but not John 10:8. Mavis
Leung also identifies John 5:2 as a historical present, though he
acknowledges that it does not “fit neatly” into the “three main verbal
categories: speaking, seeing and moving”.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn28" name="_ednref28" style="color: black;">[28]</a> However, he does identify it as one of three “past-referring indicative verbs”, the others being found in John 20:6 and 21:22.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn29" name="_ednref29" style="color: black;">[29]</a>
Of course, it should be borne in mind that there is considerable debate
about what constitutes a historical present, as we can already clearly
see. Leung counts 165 examples in the Gospel of John, whereas other
counts have varied from 162 to 166.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn30" name="_ednref30" style="color: black;">[30]</a> For his part, Wallace counts 162 examples, not including 5:2 of course.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn31" name="_ednref31" style="color: black;">[31]</a>
So it does not seem like there will be a breakthrough regarding the
date of the fourth gospel on the basis of this verse alone. Thus,
perhaps more attention should be paid to other pieces of evidence when
trying to date the fourth gospel. </span><br />
<span style="color: black;"> Much such “evidence” has
been presented from both liberal and conservative scholars, with many
Christians obviously trying to prove the earliest possible date. But
David Croteau, much to his credit since he is a Christian himself, shows
more caution. He rejects most of the arguments for a pre-70 date, and
favors a date between 80-100.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn32" name="_ednref32" style="color: black;">[32]</a>
Though he lists several arguments for a post-70 date, there are a few
which appear stronger than others. These are listed here:</span><br />
<ol>
<li><span style="color: black;">Church fathers</span></li>
</ol>
<span style="color: black;"> Ironically, Christian
apologists tend to usually champion the record of the church fathers
(Irenaeus, Justin Martyr etc.) as evidence of early Christian history,
but in their zeal to assign the fourth gospel with as early a date as
possible, some of them have decided to essentially ignore church
tradition. Though even some conservative scholars admit the
“unreliability” of church tradition,<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn33" name="_ednref33" style="color: black;">[33]</a>
with regards to the fourth gospel, Croteau argues that “it is a
relatively strong argument for dating the Gospel later rather than
earlier”.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn34" name="_ednref34" style="color: black;">[34]</a>
D. Moody Smith pointed out that Irenaeus implied that “John the
disciple” wrote the gospel “relatively late in the first century” during
the reign of the Roman emperor Trajan,<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn35" name="_ednref35" style="color: black;">[35]</a> which then favors a date almost near the end of the 1<sup>st</sup> century, since Trajan ruled from 98-117 CE.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn36" name="_ednref36" style="color: black;">[36]</a> Also, as previously mentioned, Smith favored a date between 90-100.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn37" name="_ednref37" style="color: black;">[37]</a> </span><br />
<ol start="2">
<li><span style="color: black;">John 6:1 and the “Sea of Tiberias”</span></li>
</ol>
<span style="color: black;"> This is perhaps one of the
strongest arguments for a later date. As Croteau explains, the city of
Tiberias was founded by Herod Antipas on the western shore of the Sea of
Galilee between 17-18 CE.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn38" name="_ednref38" style="color: black;">[38]</a> The <em>Compact Bible Dictionary</em> puts the date of its founding around 20 CE,<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn39" name="_ednref39" style="color: black;">[39]</a> and Smith puts it in the “early 20s CE”.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn40" name="_ednref40" style="color: black;">[40]</a> Finally, Gary Burge put its founding in the year 26.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn41" name="_ednref41" style="color: black;">[41]</a>
Regardless of when it was founded, historians generally agree that the
Sea of Galilee did not become widely known as the “Sea of Tiberias”
until much later in the 1<sup>st</sup>-century,<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn42" name="_ednref42" style="color: black;">[42]</a>
and yet the fourth gospel uses the latter name in John 6:1 and 21:1.
Meanwhile, the Synoptic gospels exclusively refer to the “Sea of
Galilee” and never the “Sea of Tiberias”. This has led scholars to
conclude that the fourth gospel must have been written much later,
probably towards the end of the first century. </span><br />
<span style="color: black;"> If the Gospel of John was
written earlier (perhaps around the same time as the Synoptic gospels)
or even a little later, we would not expect it to refer to the “Sea of
Tiberias” instead of the “Sea of Galilee”. It would be like if someone
allegedly wrote a book about East Pakistan in 1947 (when Pakistan was
founded) but referred to it as “Bangladesh”, which was the name it
adopted in 1971 only after breaking away from West Pakistan. One would
have to conclude that the document was written much later than it was
claimed. The same conclusion would arise for the date of the fourth
gospel (assuming if it was not redacted later) due to its reference to
the Sea of “Tiberias” instead of the “Sea of Galilee”.
</span><br />
<ol start="3">
<li><span style="color: black;">John 20:28 and Domitian as <em>Dominus et Deus</em></span></li>
</ol>
<span style="color: black;"> The final piece of evidence to favor a late 1<sup>st</sup>-century
date for the composition of the fourth gospel comes from John 20:28, in
which Thomas referred to the resurrected Jesus as “My Lord and My
God”. Besides being one of the few verses in the entire New Testament
where Jesus (peace be upon him) is clearly seen as divine (which puts
the fourth gospel at odds with the Synoptics), this particular verse may
be a good indicator for the date of the fourth gospel. Scholars note
that there just happened to be a conflict between Christians and the
Roman Imperial Cult right around the end of the first century, and
especially during the reign of Domitian who ruled the empire from 81-96
CE.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn43" name="_ednref43" style="color: black;">[43]</a> According to the Roman historian Seutonius, Domitian required his subjects to refer to him as “Lord and God” (“<em>Dominus et Deus</em>”), whether in writing or direct conversation.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn44" name="_ednref44" style="color: black;">[44]</a>
So was John 20:28 an attack on Domitian’s imperial cult? As Croteau
explains, Domitian’s demands would not have begun until at least 81 CE,
which:</span><br />
<blockquote>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: black;">“…likely accounts for why the Evangelist chose to include Thomas’s words…”<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn45" name="_ednref45" style="color: black;">[45]</a></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="color: black;">Of course, there was nothing unusual in
Domitian demanding that he be worshiped. Previous emperors were also
objects of worship. As Professor Paul Trebilco states:</span><br />
<blockquote>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: black;">“…there is no evidence that Domitian demanded greater divine honours than his predecessors…”<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn46" name="_ednref46" style="color: black;">[46]</a></span></div>
</blockquote>
<span style="color: black;">But by specifically demanding that he be
referred to as “Lord and God” in written or verbal correspondence,
Domitian was unique among the emperors. Thus, it is possible that the
author of the fourth gospel used Thomas’ reaction to the resurrected
Jesus as a direct act of defiance against Domitian’s decree specifically
or against the Roman imperial cult in general.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn47" name="_ednref47" style="color: black;">[47]</a> </span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: red;"><strong><u>Conclusion</u></strong></span></div>
<span style="color: black;"> Given these strong and
compelling arguments, it seems prudent to stick with the current
near-consensus regarding the date of the Gospel of John. A date near
the end of the 1<sup>st</sup> century indeed seems most likely. We have
seen that John 5:2 has other explanations, even if it was not meant to
be in the historical present tense. Moreover, other pieces of evidence
strongly outweigh John 5:2 as far as determining the date. </span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: black;"><strong><u>Addendum: A Brief Discussion of Authorship</u></strong></span></div>
<span style="color: black;"> It was not the purpose of
this article to discuss the issue of authorship, but it is an important
issue. Here, we will provide a brief overview.</span><br />
<span style="color: black;"> Church tradition maintains that the fourth gospel was written in Ephesus near the end of the 1<sup>st</sup>-century (a view which seems to align with the internal evidence, at least with regard to the time period),<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn48" name="_ednref48" style="color: black;">[48]</a>
but equally importantly, it maintains that the author was an eyewitness
and disciple of Jesus (peace be upon him), whose name was John (the son
of Zebedee). But whereas the evidence for the date of composition
seems to support church tradition, the evidence for authorship is flimsy
at best. In his commentary on the Gospel of John, the late D. Moody
Smith explained that there are “as many reasons for doubting Johannine
authorship as for embracing it”.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn49" name="_ednref49" style="color: black;">[49]</a> </span><br />
<span style="color: black;"> First and foremost is the
fact that the gospel does not state who the author is. It is anonymous
(more on this later). Second, it is possible that the author was simply
another “John” who later became confused with John the disciple. It
was claimed by Eusebius that Papias had claimed that the author was a
certain “John the Elder”, who had known Jesus and heard him teach.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn50" name="_ednref50" style="color: black;">[50]</a>
Yet even this theory clearly suffers from the same problem as claiming
that the author was John the son Zebedee. It is all hearsay. Smith
refers to it as “at best a reasonable conjecture based on bits and
pieces of evidence”.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn51" name="_ednref51" style="color: black;">[51]</a> </span><br />
<span style="color: black;"> Another difficulty in
assigning authorship to John is the claim that he wrote the gospel while
residing in Ephesus. Here, church tradition seems to have muddied the
water. While Irenaeus claimed the gospel was written in Ephesus, an
earlier source, Ignatius of Antioch, did not mention that John resided
at Ephesus at any time. Smith observed that Ignatius “makes a great
deal of the apostle Paul’s residence there, but, strangely, does not
mention John”.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn52" name="_ednref52" style="color: black;">[52]</a> To make matters worse, neither the New Testament nor any early 2<sup>nd</sup>-century Christian document puts John in Ephesus.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn53" name="_ednref53" style="color: black;">[53]</a></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"> Finally, in an interesting
analysis of chapter 20, Smith argued that the author intentionally
remained anonymous. Smith also surmised that if any of the disciples of
Jesus qualified as the “beloved disciple”, it would have been Thomas,
not John.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn54" name="_ednref54" style="color: black;">[54]</a> Since chapter 21 seems to be a later addition,<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn55" name="_ednref55" style="color: black;">[55]</a>
and since Thomas is the last disciple mentioned at the end of chapter
20, it follows then he should qualify as the “beloved disciple”, at
least in the “original” ending of the gospel. Even if chapter 21 was
the original ending, Smith, quoting David R. Beck (who believed 21:24-25
was the end of the gospel), notes that there is simply no specific
disciple who is identified as the “beloved disciple”, so that “he
remains anonymous, as the evangelist intended”.<a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/#_edn56" name="_ednref56" style="color: black;">[56]</a> But if the author really was John the son of Zebedee or any other disciple, <strong><em>why did he go out of his way to remain anonymous? </em></strong>If
anything, it would bolster the credibility and authority of the gospel
to directly name a specific disciple, but instead, the author
deliberately decided to be anonymous. It does not make much sense.
Therefore, in the absence of any conclusive evidence, the theory of
Johannine authorship of the fourth gospel stands on thin ice. Most
likely, it was just a misattribution, as with the Synoptics.</span><br />
<span style="color: black;">And Allah (Glorified and Exalted be He) knows best!</span><br />
<br />
<span style="color: black;"><a href="https://quranandbibleblog.wordpress.com/2019/02/19/john-52-and-the-date-of-the-fourth-gospel-a-response-to-a-christian-apologist/" target="_blank">Source </a></span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-59159721050975040412018-07-17T02:17:00.001-07:002018-07-17T02:17:51.465-07:00The Victory of the Byzantine: Fulfilled Quranic prophecy !<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
In Quran, Allah Almighty promised to make the Romans be victorious over the Persians just to please the Prophet and the Believers. And this Divine Prophecy and Promise indeed did come to pass after several years!<br />
<br />
The Qur’an predicted an event impossible of occurrence: it will happen
in less than ten years. The Qur’an had put itself and Prophet Muhammad
to test. The Revelation said,<br />
<br />
“The Romans have been defeated, in (the land) lowest on earth. <b>
But after (this) defeat of theirs they will soon be victorious. Within a
few years. With Allah is the decision, in the past and in the future.</b> On that day shall the faithful rejoice” (Al-Rum: 2-4).<br />
<br />
Even <u>Edward Gibbon</u> himself testifies in "The Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire"<br />
:<br />
<b>“At
the time when the prediction is said to have been delivered, <span style="color: red;">no
prophecy could be more distant from its accomplishment</span>, </b>since the first
twelve years of Heraclius announced the approaching dissolution of the
empire.<b>”</b><br />
<br />
<a href="http://islamicencyclopedia.org/islamic-pedia-topic.php?id=814#A-Prediction" target="_blank">http://islamicencyclopedia.org/islamic-pedia-topic.php?id=814#A-Prediction </a><b><br /></b></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-6858334863037351092018-04-10T06:20:00.001-07:002018-04-10T06:20:09.721-07:00 Newton’s position towards the Trinity !<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
The English physicist Isaac Newton is considered one of the most
influential scientists of all time because of his theories and findings
which people consider as great scientific discoveries until this day.</div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
Yet, there is something about Newton which is unknown as it was never
under the spotlight despite its importance, i.e. his position towards
the Trinity, an aspect that categorizes Christianity the most. This
position almost cost him his life.</div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
So, what is Newton’s position towards the Trinity?</div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
What are the reasons for this position?</div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
What was his view about God?</div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
How did the Trinity intervene into the Christian belief from Newton’s point of view?</div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
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<iframe width="320" height="266" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/dnCNg1lWosM/0.jpg" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/dnCNg1lWosM?feature=player_embedded" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-27621849526853342732018-03-16T13:24:00.001-07:002018-03-16T13:35:42.960-07:00E-Book: "Renounce Your Atheism" !<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
<div>
<div class="separator" dir="ltr" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<h2 class="separator" dir="ltr" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
"Renounce Your Atheism"</h2>
<div class="separator" dir="ltr" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
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</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhz4rM3QrCde3Knf7mZmxMTwLUfAPWJFKggzN_eoAIXuBkUeau7Qie4TjLAPOM7gxsiMCzKS7fzJhp0Hr-RK0T4mYJlmGiyvSuI4qIly4Lddyqlw7rV2B5b0kyAHmd9zBxN8sZdFDv3XJ0/s1600/renounce.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="736" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhz4rM3QrCde3Knf7mZmxMTwLUfAPWJFKggzN_eoAIXuBkUeau7Qie4TjLAPOM7gxsiMCzKS7fzJhp0Hr-RK0T4mYJlmGiyvSuI4qIly4Lddyqlw7rV2B5b0kyAHmd9zBxN8sZdFDv3XJ0/s400/renounce.jpg" width="306" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" dir="ltr" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: red;">Link</span></div>
<div class="separator" dir="ltr" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: red;"> Full PDF </span></div>
</div>
<div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: center;">
<a href="https://files.fm/u/eqfyhqkh">https://files.fm/u/eqfyhqkh </a></div>
<div class="separator" dir="ltr" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" dir="ltr" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: red;"> <u>Audiobook</u></span></div>
<div class="separator" dir="ltr" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
By Mr. Lou lambert</div>
<br />
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</div>
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</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="separator" dir="ltr" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe allowfullscreen="" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/mfulLF0CJ5c/0.jpg" frameborder="0" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/mfulLF0CJ5c?feature=player_embedded" width="320"></iframe></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<br />
German translation (PDF): "<b>Befreie dich von deinem Atheismus</b>"<span style="color: black; font-size: 27pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://scontent-cai1-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/28166442_965186076968263_7307272974377382773_n.jpg?oh=4549022b12c68b9451bab40f47fe709d&oe=5B4DD2AC" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="405" data-original-width="720" height="225" src="https://scontent-cai1-1.xx.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/28166442_965186076968263_7307272974377382773_n.jpg?oh=4549022b12c68b9451bab40f47fe709d&oe=5B4DD2AC" width="400" /></a></div>
<a href="http://www.mediafire.com/file/husk7uog3u78kcn/Befreie-dich-von-deinem-Atheismus+2018_aktuelle+Version.pdf">http://www.mediafire.com/file/husk7uog3u78kcn/Befreie-dich-von-deinem-Atheismus+2018_aktuelle+Version.pdf</a><br />
<br />
Original Arabic version (PDF):<br />
<a href="http://www.mediafire.com/file/3ndvddfji8dn666/%D8%AA%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%B5.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.mediafire.com/file/3ndvddfji8dn666/%D8%AA%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%B5.pdf </a></div>
</div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-82527257715628309662018-01-06T04:38:00.002-08:002018-01-06T04:38:49.140-08:00Is Jesus God ? (Ultimate proof)<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe width="320" height="266" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/DiWjIopJQ4Y/0.jpg" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/DiWjIopJQ4Y?feature=player_embedded" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DiWjIopJQ4Y</div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-47641637172638043942017-06-17T16:06:00.003-07:002017-06-17T16:06:44.046-07:00 A Summarized Proof for Islam <div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<a href="http://www.ummah.com/forum/showthread.php?492127-A-Summarized-Proof-for-Islam&p=7422591&viewfull=1#post7422591" target="_blank">By Karkooshy </a><b><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Introduction</span></b> <br />
<br />
All praise is due to Allah Lord of the worlds, and peace be upon our
noble messenger Muhammed ﷺ. What follows is a summarized proof for
Islam, simplified for average readers.<br />
<br />
The key to Islam is the testimony of faith, which is to bear witness
that there is only One God and that Muhammed ﷺ is His messenger.
Accordingly, the foundational claims of Islam are three: that God
exists, that God is One, that Muhammed ﷺ is a prophet of God.<br />
<br />
<br /><span style="color: red;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Section 1 - The World is Emergent</span></b> </span><br />
<br />
The existence of God is established by realizing that the bodies that
make up the observable world around us, are all emergent. This
necessitates the existence of a being that brought them into existence.<br />
<br />
<b>“Emergent”</b> meaning: their existence is preceded by their
non-existence. In other words, they began to exist. That which is
emergent will be called an “event”.<br />
<br />
<b>“Body”</b> meaning: that with dimensions (a height, width or depth)
stretched out in space. Like stars, planets, mountains, oceans, plants,
animals, humans...etc.<br />
<br />
All bodies are emergent because the alternative is absurd. The alternative being the existence of a body that is beginningless. <br />
<br />
It is impossible for a beginningless body to exist, because a body is
inseparable from either the state of motion, or the state of rest.
Meaning: it is impossible for a body to be neither at rest nor moving.
So if a beginningless body existed, it would either have been:<br />
</div>
<ol class="decimal" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<li>moving for eternity past</li>
<li>at rest for eternity past</li>
<li>alternating between motion and rest for eternity past</li>
</ol>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<br />
All three of the above is impossible, and that which entails
impossibility is impossible. So it is impossible for a beginningless
body to exist. Proof for the impossibility of each category follows
below.<br />
<br />
<b>(1) a body that was moving for eternity past</b><br />
<br />
This is impossible because the state of motion exists contingently for a
body. Meaning: a body that is moving, could have been not-moving. Since
the state of motion exists contingently, this means it was brought into
existence by some specifier that selected motion over the possible
alternative. And since the state of motion was brought into existence,
it could not have been beginningless. Therefore a body moving for
eternity past is impossible.<br />
<br />
It is also impossible for a body to have been moving for eternity past,
because motion is the body changing its location over time. Every
transition from one location to another is an event in time, and it is
impossible for an infinite number of events to have been completed in
the past. And since the number of events in the past is finite, it is
the case that the state of motion is emergent. <br />
<br />
The statement: “<i>it is impossible for an infinite number of events to have been completed in the past</i>” is true because “<i>infinite</i>” is equivalent to endlessness, while “<i>completed</i>”
is equivalent to coming to an end. Therefore, an infinite sequence of
events cannot be completed, since that is contradictory. It is like
saying an endlessness came to an end. For this same reason, it is
impossible for someone to finish counting all the negative numbers and
finally reach zero. There’s an infinite number of negative numbers, you
cannot “finish” counting them all.<br />
<br />
<b>(2) a body that was at rest for eternity past</b><br />
<br />
This is impossible for the same two reasons the first category was impossible. <br />
<br />
The state of rest exists contingently. A body that is at rest, could
have been not-resting. Accordingly, the state of rest could not have
been beginningless. <br />
<br />
It is also impossible for a body to be at rest for eternity past,
because rest is the body maintaining its same location over time. Every
moment the body remains at rest in, is an event in time. And it is
impossible for an infinite number of events to have been completed in
the past.<br />
<br />
<b>(3) a body that was alternating between motion and rest for eternity past</b><br />
<br />
This is impossible because each alternation from one state to another is
an event in time, and it is impossible for an infinite number of events
to have been completed in the past.<br />
<br />
<b>Therefore, All Bodies are Emergent</b><br />
<br />
Given the impossibility of the three categories, it is the case that all
bodies are emergent. This means all those bodies that make up the world
around us - the sun, the moon, the trees..etc. - began to exist. From
there, we can deduce the existence of God.<br />
<br />
<br /><span style="color: red;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Section 2 - The Existence of God</span></b> </span><br />
<br />
<b>“God”</b> meaning: the beginningless creator.<br />
<br />
The emergence of all bodies necessitates the existence of a being that
brought those bodies into existence. Let’s call this being “the
creator”, since this being brings things into existence (and this is
what “create” means). <br />
<br />
The creator that brought those bodies into existence is either without beginning, or is emergent.<br />
<br />
If the creator is without beginning, then the existence of God is
established. Since a beginningless creator is what we intend when we say
“God”. <br />
<br />
If the creator is emergent, then this creator would itself be contingent
upon a second creator to have brought it into existence. This could not
have regressed to the past infinitely, as that necessitates the
completion of an infinite number of past events (which is impossible, as
detailed above). It is therefore the case that a beginningless creator
necessarily exist.<br />
<br />
Therefore, God necessarily exists.<br />
<br />
It is also necessary that the Creator of the emergent world be
attributed with the ability to bring the emergent world into existence.
Otherwise, there would be no sense in Him being the “Creator”. This
ability to bring things into existence is what we call “Power”.<br />
<br />
God also, cannot be a mechanical cause for the existence of the world
(such that the effect only exists because the cause exists), since God
is beginningless while the world is emergent (a beginningless mechanical
cause, would instead yield a beginningless effect). It is therefore
necessary that the Creator of the emergent world be attributed with a
quality that allows Him to select existence for this specific world
(with all its specific properties) over the possible alternatives. This
attribute is what is called “Will”.<br />
<br />
God is also necessarily attributed with Knowledge. In order for a being
to volitionally select one choice over others, this being must possess
knowledge of those choices. As such, it is impossible for a being
attributed with Will to not also be attributed with Knowledge. And since
the Creator is necessarily attributed with Will, He is therefore
necessarily attributed with Knowledge.<br />
<br />
<br /><span style="color: red;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Section 3 - God is One</span></b> </span><br />
<br />
God is necessarily One because the alternative is absurd. The alternative being a multiplicity of creators.<br />
<br />
If there was a second creator, then this second creator would either:</div>
<ol class="decimal" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<li>be able to disagree with the first creator.</li>
<li>be unable to disagree with the first creator.</li>
</ol>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<br />
Both of the categories listed above are impossible. And that which
entails impossibility is impossible. So if we can demonstrate the
impossibility of the two categories, we can demonstrate the
impossibility of partnership to the Creator.<br />
<br />
<b>(1) The second creator is able to disagree with the first creator</b> <br />
<br />
This is impossible because possibilities are mutually exclusive with
their negations. So if the two creators could disagree with one another,
this would lead to contradiction.<br />
<br />
For example: suppose there were two creators, and suppose the existence
of some body. If we believe that those creators could disagree: this
means one creator can move the body, while the other creator can keep
the body at rest. Obviously however, this body cannot be both at rest
and in motion (since rest and motion are mutually exclusive).<br />
<br />
<b>(2) the second creator is unable to disagree with the first creator</b><br />
<br />
This is impossible because it means this second creator is forced to
agree with the other. This entails contingency, which is impossible for a
beginningless Creator who is necessarily non-contingent.<br />
<br />
For example: suppose there were two creators, and suppose the existence
of some body. If we believe that those creators could not disagree: this
means that if the first creator moved the body, the second creator
cannot keep the body at rest. This second creator is helpless, weaker
than the first, and forced to comply with what the first creator
decides. It means this second creator’s will and power have been
specified by the will and power of the first creator, and this is
impossible.<br />
<br />
<b>Therefore, God is One</b><br />
<br />
The impossibility of both categories was demonstrated above. Therefore,
it is impossible for there to exist a partner to the One Creator. All
events that emerge into existence, emerge by this One Creator’s Will and
Power, and no one else’s.<br />
<br />
<br /><span style="color: red;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Section 4 - Prophethood</span></b> </span><br />
<br />
God can choose to reveal certain commandments to a single man so that
this man can then deliver those commandments to the rest of mankind.
This is possible for God to do (not necessary nor impossible). This man
would be called a prophet.<br />
<br />
To convince mankind that a claimant to prophethood is truthful, God can
aid this prophet with miracles. A miracle is an extraordinary event that
God aids His prophet with in order to prove this prophet’s truthfulness
to doubters. It is equivalent to God saying: “this man has told the
truth about Me.” As such, if we know a miracle occurred for some
claimant to prophethood, then we can know that this claimant to
prophethood is truthful. A useful analogy to help conceptualize this:<br />
<br />
Imagine you were attending an important gathering at the Royal Palace.
In the throne-room, you see the King sitting atop his throne.
Surrounding the King are his guards, his viziers, as well as the
noblemen of the kingdom.<br />
<br />
Suddenly a Stranger enters the throne-room, and begins offering a
declaration to the crowd in a loud and clear voice. Everyone else falls
silent and listens to this Stranger’s speech. The Stranger begins: “O
people, I am a messenger from your King to you.” The Stranger points to
the King, who is sitting on the throne in front of him. The Stranger
continues: “The words which I will speak to you are not my own, but are
the words of your King who sent me. Whatever I command, I command in
your King’s name. And whatever I forbid, I forbid in your King’s name.”<br />
<br />
You notice that the King is silently sitting on his throne. The King is
looking directly at this Stranger. He can clearly hear this Stranger
make those claims. With a gesture of his hand, the King could order the
guards to seize this Stranger and behead him where he stands to prove
that he is a liar. But the King does not do that. The King continues to
silently listen to the Stranger’s declaration.<br />
<br />
The Stranger continues: “Whoever obeys those commandments which I will
deliver to you from your King, the King has promised to reward
graciously tomorrow morning. And whoever disobeys those commandments,
the King has threatened to behead tomorrow morning…”<br />
<br />
The King is still silently listening to the Stranger make his claims. <br />
<br />
The Stranger finishes his declaration by saying: “…And to prove that I
really am a messenger from the King, the King has told me that he would
stand up and then sit down three times consecutively after I complete
this sentence.” <br />
<br />
Once the Stranger completes this sentence, all eyes turn to the King.
Suddenly the King - and without uttering a word to the crowd - stands up
then sits down, then stands up then sits down, then stands up then sits
down.<br />
<br />
Now we ask: at this moment, and after witnessing what transpired in this
gathering, can there be any doubt that this Stranger is a true
messenger from the King? No. The sincere truth-seeker would hold no
doubt. Even if the King verbally declared “He is my messenger” then this
would not have been any more convincing. Rather, an observer to this
scene would attain certainty that the Stranger was a messenger from the
King.<br />
<br />
The King standing up and sitting down three times consecutively, was an
extraordinary event that occurred upon the request of the Stranger who
claimed to have been a messenger from the King. By knowing that this
extraordinary event occurred, one attains certainty that this Stranger
was indeed telling the truth. Similarly, we can be certain that a
claimant to prophethood is truthful if this claimant is aided by an
extraordinary event (i.e. a miracle).<br />
<br />
<br /><span style="color: red;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Section 5 - The Prophethood of Muhammed</span></b></span><br />
<br />
We can know with certainty that Muhammed ﷺ is a Prophet of God. This knowledge is established by Mass Transmitted proofs. <br />
<br />
Information relayed to us by Mass Transmission provides certainty
because it is inconceivable for those relaying this information to all
get together and conspire to tell the same lie. For example: a man today
might not have personally visited Japan. However, this man can be
certain that a country called Japan actually exists. This is because the
information relayed to this man about Japan reached him from so many
different sources, that it becomes inconceivable for all those people to
have gotten together in a grand conspiracy to lie about the existence
of Japan.<br />
<br />
We know Muhammed ﷺ claimed prophethood by Mass Transmission. <br />
<br />
We know Muhammed ﷺ is a true Prophet for several reasons, all supported by Mass Transmission. Three of which include:<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b>5.1 The Quran</b></span><br />
<br />
Muhammed ﷺ was aided with the Quran, which is a miracle in its own
right. And a claimant to prophethood, who is aided by a miracle, is
certainly a prophet. <br />
<br />
The Quran is a literary miracle. The language of the Quran is unlike any
other Arabic text. Linguistically, it is vastly superior to anything
that came before it, and vastly superior to everything that came after. <br />
<br />
The non-Arabic speaker might not be able to directly appreciate why the
Quran is linguistically miraculous, but they can indirectly deduce this
by considering the following facts:<br />
<br />
<b>First</b>: the Quran challenges the reader to produce a Chapter like
it . This is a challenge that the Quran lays out for anyone who doubts
its miraculousness. We know for certain that the Quran actually made
this challenge, because we know the Quran has been preserved throughout
history. We know it has been preserved, because it reached us by way of
Mass Transmission.<br />
<br />
<b>Second</b>: the Arabs of Muhammed’s ﷺ time were expert poets. Likely,
the best in the Arabic language in all of history. The Arabic language
became diluted over time as Islam spread around the world. Non-Arabs
learning Arabic were often not as proficient as native speakers, and
quirky dialects for the language emerged all over the Muslim world. It
is unlikely that Arabic - as a commonly spoken language - will ever
return to the pristine condition it once enjoyed during the years of
pre-Islamic and early Islamic Arabia. All of the above is known by Mass
Transmission. To this day, Arabic linguists use pre-Islamic and early
Islamic poetry as a template for grammatical and linguistic rules.<br />
<br />
<b>Third</b>: the pagan Arabs of Muhammed’s ﷺ time were heavily invested
in destroying Islam, and disproving the prophethood of Muhammed ﷺ. This
is also known by Mass transmission. It is common knowledge that
Muhammed ﷺ fought many wars against the Pagans. <br />
<br />
From the above, one can deduce the following: if the pagan Arabs were
truly capable of fulfilling the Quranic challenge, and given their
extreme desire to destroy Islam, they would have saved themselves the
time, money, and manpower, and they would have simply cooperated with
each other in order to produce a text which rivaled the Quran
linguistically. But they did not, and Islam ultimately prevailed (this
is also known by Mass Transmission). And this is despite the poetic
proficiency of the pagan Arabs.<br />
<br />
With the above, the miraculousness of the Quran’s language can be appreciated, even by the non-Arabic speaker.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b>5.2 Physical Miracles</b></span><br />
<br />
Muhammed ﷺ was aided by many physical miracles. Miracles including
accurately prophesying future events, multiplication of food and water,
and instantaneously healing wounds. In totality, there are hundreds upon
hundreds of different narrations reporting the miracles Muhammed ﷺ was
aided with. <br />
<br />
All those miracles, when taken collectively, provide Mass Transmitted
proof that Muhammed ﷺ was aided by some miracle. And a claimant to
prophethood, who is aided by a miracle, is certainly a prophet.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b>5.3 His Life</b></span><br />
<br />
The Prophethood of Muhammed ﷺ can also be established by considering his life. <br />
<br />
Either Muhammed ﷺ was sincere, or he was a liar. “Sincere” meaning: he
truly believed that he was recieving revelation from God. “Liar”
meaning: he knew that he was not receiving revelation from God, and
deliberately lied by claiming that he was.<br />
<br />
The second option (that he was a deliberate liar) is certainly false, so
the first (that he was sincere) is certainly true. We know the second
option is false, because we know (by Mass Transmission) that Muhammed ﷺ
refused bribery and suffered through hardship in order to deliver the
message of Islam. Muhammed ﷺ suffered persecution in Mecca. He risked
his life fighting many wars to defend the cause of Islam. He also lived
humbly, spending all his wealth to serve the religion. Those are not the
qualities of a liar.<br />
<br />
We can only conclude that Muhammed ﷺ was - at the very least - personally convinced that he was a Prophet.<br />
<br />
Given Muhammed’s ﷺ sincerity: either he was a true Prophet, or he was
madman. “True Prophet” meaning: He truly believed to have been
communicating with God, and he actually was communicating with God.
“Madman” meaning: He truly believed to have been communicating with God,
but he actually was not communicating with God (i.e. he was a madman
who was just hearing voices in his head, a man who thought himself a
prophet when he actually wasn’t).<br />
<br />
The second option (that he was a madman) is certainly false, so the
first (that he was a true Prophet) is certainly true. We know the second
option is false, because we know (by Mass Transmission) that Muhammed ﷺ
was an exceedingly successful man. To assume he was successful <i>because</i> of his madness (i.e. <i>because</i>
of the voices in his head) is especially ludicrous. Muhammed ﷺ started
out his life as an orphan without anything, and ended his life as ruler
over all of Arabia. He was a military genius, diplomat and the leader of
a successful nation. His Companions were able to - thanks to his
leadership and example - conquer the two super powers of the world in
their time (the Sassanids, and the Byzantines).<br />
<br />
It is inconceivable that someone as successful as Muhammed ﷺ was a
madman. It is especially inconceivable that such a man was successful <i>because</i> of his madness. Therefore, we can only conclude that he truly was a Prophet of God.<br />
<br />
<br /><span style="color: red;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;">Section 6 - The Rest of Revelation</span></b> </span><br />
<br />
Now that the existence and Oneness of God was established, and the
Prophethood of Muhammed ﷺ was established, it becomes incumbent upon the
sane and mature person to affirm everything that can be reliably traced
back to Prophet Muhammed ﷺ. <br />
<br />
The sane and mature person must believe in: the finality of prophethood
with Prophet Muhammed ﷺ, the day of resurrection, in the eternal reward
for the believers, in the eternal punishment of the disbelievers, as
well as belief in anything else that can be reliably traced back to the
Prophet ﷺ.<br />
<br />
The sane and mature thinker must also submit to the Law that the Prophet
ﷺ delivered from Allah سبحانه و تعالى (the name of God according to
revelation), and instructed mankind to abide by.<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="color: red;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">Conclusion</span></b> </span><br />
<br />
The three core claims that the Islamic faith is founded upon have been
proven above. The three claims being: the existence of God, the Oneness
of God, and the prophethood of Muhammed ﷺ. Examining the arguments
offered above in more depth, can also provide proof against many of the
false religions in the world today.<br />
<br />
And Allah سبحانه و تعالى is the one who guides and leads astray. With
His mercy, He guides whomsoever He wills from the darkness of disbelief
and ignorance, to the light of faith and knowledge.
</div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-85982667853889850362017-06-17T15:42:00.002-07:002017-06-17T15:45:36.004-07:00Is this the word of God ?<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
In the bible, a book that supposed to be inspired by God, we read:<b><br /></b></div>
<h1 class="bcv" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
2 Maccabees 1</h1>
<h3 dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<span class="text 2Macc-1-1" id="en-GNT-13598"></span></h3>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="poetry" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<div class="line">
<span class="chapter-1"><span class="text 2Macc-1-1"><span class="chapternum">1 </span><span style="color: red;">From the Jews of Jerusalem and Judea</span> to those in Egypt, warm greetings.</span></span></div>
</div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<span class="text 2Macc-1-2" id="en-GNT-13599"><sup class="versenum">2 </sup>May God be good to you and keep the covenant he made with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, his faithful servants.</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
</blockquote>
<h1 class="bcv" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
2 Maccabees 15</h1>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<span class="text 2Macc-1-2" id="en-GNT-13599">38 And<span style="color: red;"> if I have done well, and as is fitting the story, it is that
which I desired</span>: but if slenderly and meanly, it is that which I could
attain unto.</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<span class="text 2Macc-1-2" id="en-GNT-13599"></span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<a href="https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/2-Maccabees-15-39/" title="2 Maccabees 15:39 KJV verse detail"><span class="versehover" id="41">39 </span></a>For
as it is<span style="color: red;"> hurtful to drink</span> wine or <span style="color: red;">water</span> alone; and as wine mingled with
water is pleasant, and delighteth the taste: even so speech finely
framed delighteth the ears of them that read the story. And here shall
be an end.</div>
</blockquote>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<h1 class="bcv" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
2 Maccabees2</h1>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<span class="text 2Macc-1-2" id="en-GNT-13599">The topic was 5 books, however the person has "summarized" it:</span></div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<span class="versehover" id="25">23 </span>All these things (I say) being declared by Iason of Cyrene<span style="color: red;"> in five books, <i>we will assay to abridge in one volume.</i></span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<span class="versehover" id="26">24 </span>For
considering the infinite number, and the difficulty, which they find
that desire to look into the narrations of the story, for the variety
of the matter,</div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<span class="versehover" id="27">25 </span><span class="verse-25">we have aimed to please those who wish to read,
to make it easy for those who are inclined to memorize, and to profit
all readers.</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<span class="versehover" id="28">26 </span>Therefore
to us that have taken upon us<span style="color: red;"> this painful labour of abridging</span>, it was
not easy, but <span style="color: red;">a matter of sweat, and watching.</span></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<span class="versehover" id="29">27 </span>Even
as it is no ease unto him, that prepareth a banquet, and seeketh the
benefit of others: yet for the pleasuring of many we will undertake
gladly this great paines:</div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<span class="versehover" id="30">28 </span>Leaving the responsibility for exact details<span style="color: red;"> to the historian</span>, and confining our efforts to presenting only a <span style="color: red;">summary </span>outline.</div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<span class="versehover" id="31">29 </span>For
as the master builder of a new house, must care for the whole building:
but hee that undertaketh to set it out, and paint it, must seek out
fit things for the adorning thereof: even so I think it is with us.</div>
<div class="verse font-helvetica" dir="ltr" id="v-30" style="text-align: left;">
<span class="verse-number"><b>30</b></span>
<span class="verse-30">
It is the duty of the original historian
to occupy the ground and to discuss matters from every side and to take
trouble with details,
</span>
</div>
<div class="verse font-helvetica" dir="ltr" id="v-31" style="text-align: left;">
<span class="verse-number"><b>31</b></span>
<span class="verse-31">
but the one who recasts the narrative
should be allowed to strive for brevity of expression and to forego
exhaustive treatment.
</span>
</div>
<div class="verse font-helvetica" dir="ltr" id="v-32" style="text-align: left;">
<span class="verse-number"><b>32</b></span>
<span class="verse-32">
At this point therefore let us begin our
narrative, adding only so much to what has already been said; for it is
foolish to lengthen the preface while cutting short the history itself.
</span></div>
</blockquote>
<br />
<div class="ayah language_6 text" id="verse_86_language_6" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; line-height: 24px; text-align: left;">
<div dir="ltr" style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px; text-align: left;">
Quran 2:97:</div>
<div dir="ltr" style="line-height: 18px; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span id="verse_86_language_2_content">فَوَيْلٌ لِّلَّذِينَ يَكْتُبُونَ
الْكِتَابَ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ ثُمَّ يَقُولُونَ هَٰذَا مِنْ عِندِ اللَّهِ
لِيَشْتَرُوا بِهِ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلًا ۖ فَوَيْلٌ لَّهُم مِّمَّا كَتَبَتْ
أَيْدِيهِمْ وَوَيْلٌ لَّهُم مِّمَّا يَكْسِبُونَ</span></span></div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<span id="verse_86_language_6_content"><i><span style="color: red;">So
woe to those who write the "scripture" with their own hands, then say,
"This is from Allah ," in order to exchange it for a small price. Woe to
them for what their hands have written and woe to them for what they
earn</span></i>.</span></blockquote>
</div>
<blockquote>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
</blockquote>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-15234541531165693432017-06-09T07:38:00.002-07:002017-06-09T07:38:56.884-07:00E-Book: Why am I a Muslim, not a Nazarene/Christian? (Akram Hassan)<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: medium;">Forward</span><br />
<b>Wadie Ahmed Fathy </b><br />
Former Egyptian deacon</div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<br />
In the name of God, all praise is due to Him, peace and blessing be upon
His Messenger Muhammad son of Abdullah the messenger of God, I bare
witness that there is no God but God the one and only and that Muhammad
is the messenger of God, I belief that the Messiah son of Mary who
called Jesus Christ is a servant of God and his messenger and Mary
mother of Messiah was a supporter of truth and they both used to eat
food in order not to pass away, they didn't ate more or less, I belief
in heaven and hell, I belief in fate all of it good and bad.<br />
<br />
Praise be to God for his blessing of Islam and its enough blessing; I will give thanks to Him for it for the rest of my life. <br />
Since I converted to Islam about 19 years ago, and Nazarenes are still
trying with all their best and all temptations to get me back to
Nazarene. <br />
<br />
Although, I'm living a very modest living, I don't have a car or a big
apartment nor a reasonable balance in the bank, I didn't went to hajj
until now and I have approached 59 years old, but all their temptations
didn't work with me.<br />
For one reason: that I can't leave Islam and go back to Nazarene. <br />
<br />
Because, Nazarene is based on doctrines which have no source in their
book, fabricated by the patriarchs as they called the ecumenical
councils and if it were in their religion, they weren't hold councils,
disagreed, forbade and expelled each other ….<br />
While Islam is stable since the days of the messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) and his companions to this day.<br />
<br />
Also, their book wasn't exist in the days of Christ ( peace be upon him )
but it was assembled in Council of Nicene three centuries after Christ,
while the Qur'an is from the prophet Muhammad to his companions until
Osman write it and distribute copies of it in the Muslim countries and
they are the same to this day. <br />
<br />
Also, in Nazarene the religion depends on the priesthood since the birth
of the child to make (a baptism) for him to be a Nazarene, confession
of his sins to be forgiven by the priest, marriage by the priest, dying
in front of the priest to cover him with oil to forgive him and after
death the priest make for him a mass to forgive him. As well as,
(Indulgence and Purgatory) <br />
While in Islam the religion is between the servant and his Lord, no
mediator, no authority for anyone on anything, the whole authority is
for God only the one and only. <br />
<br />
And in the Nazarene the patriarch still is the source of legislation and
still legislating, because the religion hasn't completed yet and still
lacks a lot, unlike Islam, which was completed in the life of the
prophet Muhammad in his goodbye hajj. <br />
Before days of his death, Islam was completed with all human needs and
the writing of the Qur'an which contains a religion, provisions,
legislations to the Day of Resurrection, this is the complete religion
and the complete book, the book of God, the only right divine book on
the earth. <br />
<br />
Also, the Nazarene sects are different in their doctrines in Christ, The
Holy Spirit, Mary, arranging trinity, the infallibility of the pope and
patriarchal, secrets of the church, on the basis of these differences
they don't marry each other, they get divorced from other sects and they
re-evangelize the person again because, the sects don't recognize the
priesthood of other sects and the non recognizing of the priesthood is
an infidel for each sect.<br />
<br />
And, I did not find all this in Islam, no matter how different ideas
between groups and sects, because the sources is one and there is not a
priesthood, for this reason and the other reasons I choose Islam in a
fully convinced…<br />
Read my book ''Secrets of the Church'' to know more about these points. <br />
I intended to write a book about this experiments but I was busy by writing other book.<br />
<br />
And my dear brother <b>Akram Hassan</b> gave me this honor to review this valuable book and to forward it. <br />
<br />
In fact I found it a valuable book reflects what I think and much more,
included many valuable points deserves to think about from every Muslim
and Nazarene, because it's not only an invitation for the Nazarenes but
also it's for each weak faith of Muslims, to make sure that he's right,
and to say with me: praise be to God for his blessing of Islam and it's
enough blessing. </div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvVvNxq5YHhLBw9y1QSHrwKY_zlps2MgZzBS4Nfa-2_vsZtWRxKogWcoOdpIma6j2JCW0hFbHCA3M_3y6eD6sRT1oMBPSMmFpj1i1MPBTwEkrH0J4rzgjxwWYCS5W8OfyS2RYaBMtXBu4/s1600/Muslim.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1132" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvVvNxq5YHhLBw9y1QSHrwKY_zlps2MgZzBS4Nfa-2_vsZtWRxKogWcoOdpIma6j2JCW0hFbHCA3M_3y6eD6sRT1oMBPSMmFpj1i1MPBTwEkrH0J4rzgjxwWYCS5W8OfyS2RYaBMtXBu4/s640/Muslim.gif" width="451" /></a></div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
I ask God to benefit by the author, Mr. Akram Hassan and make it in his
balance of good deeds, and everyone who works to share it to the day
that we will meet Him in, Almighty. <br />
And we ask you to ask God to forgive us and all the Muslims, to make
hajj, and to bring us together with our Prophet in paradise. <br />
May the blessings and peace of God be upon him; all praise is due to God, Lord of the worlds.<br />
<br />
Download: (doc. version)<br />
<a href="https://www.4shared.com/office/jFCqfYxyei/WHY_I_AM__A_MUSLIM_AND_I_AM_NO.html?" target="_blank">https://www.4shared.com/office/jFCqf..._I_AM_NO.html?</a><br />
<br />
Feedback is appreciated.
</div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4724862503404981204.post-75355451191355908302017-04-21T08:33:00.000-07:002018-04-29T10:44:05.211-07:00Fake story: John 8:7 "Let anyone among you who is without sin be the first to throw a stone " forgery; Woman caught in adultery in earliest manuscripts !<div dir="rtl" style="text-align: right;" trbidi="on">
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4724862503404981204" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4724862503404981204" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4724862503404981204" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4724862503404981204" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a>There is general agreement that the verses from John 7:53 to John 8:11 were not written by the author or authors who wrote the rest of the gospel. There is little consensus as to exactly when the forgery was inserted.
</div>
<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
</div>
<div class="عادي" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4724862503404981204" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4724862503404981204" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4724862503404981204" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4724862503404981204" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><br />
<ol style="text-align: left;">
</ol>
</div>
<div class="عادي" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
Chris Keith is professor of New Testament and Early Christianity at St Mary's University where he also serves as Director of the Centre for the Social-Scientific Study of the Bible.<br />
<ol style="text-align: left;">
</ol>
</div>
<div class="عادي" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div class="عادي" dir="ltr" style="margin-left: 35.5pt; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;">The story of the woman caught in adultery, typically located at <u><a href="http://www.bibleodyssey.org/lightbox-bible-passage.aspx?passage=John+8:1-8:11">John 8:1-8:11</a></u>, is one of the most popular stories in the entire Bible. Jesus’ lack of condemnation of a known sinner captivates some readers, as does his statement “Let anyone among you who is without sin
be the first to throw a stone at her” (<u><a href="http://www.bibleodyssey.org/lightbox-bible-passage.aspx?passage=John+8:7">John 8:7</a></u>) and the manner in which he outwits the scribes and the Pharisees with that statement. Since, as his opponents note (<u><a href="http://www.bibleodyssey.org/lightbox-bible-passage.aspx?passage=John+8:5">John 8:5</a></u>), the <u><a href="http://www.bibleodyssey.org/passages/related-articles/Manuscript%20History%20and%20John.aspx">law of Moses</a></u> demanded that an adulteress be killed, Jesus’ opponents have thrust him upon the horns of a dilemma. He has to choose either to allow
the woman to go free and publicly disobey the law of Moses or to approve of her killing and forfeit his reputation as a friend to sinners (and possibly risk trouble with Rome for contributing to a capital punishment that they
had not sanctioned). The cleverness of Jesus’ response in <u><a href="http://www.bibleodyssey.org/lightbox-bible-passage.aspx?passage=John+8:7">John 8:7</a></u> is that it renders the enactment of the legal punishment impossible without requiring his public disavowal of the law.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Interestingly enough, the <span style="color: red;">earliest </span><u><a href="http://www.bibleodyssey.org/passages/related-articles/Manuscript%20History%20and%20John.aspx">manuscripts</a></u> of the <u><a href="http://www.bibleodyssey.org/passages/related-articles/Manuscript%20History%20and%20John.aspx">Gospel</a></u> of John <span style="color: red;">do not contain this beloved passage. Indeed, the first manuscript to contain the story is from around 400 C.E. </span>Around 4% of Greek manuscripts
that include the passage place it in locations other than <u><a href="http://www.bibleodyssey.org/lightbox-bible-passage.aspx?passage=John+8:1-8:11">John 8:1-8:11</a></u>; the earliest of these is from around the ninth and tenth centuries C.E. This perplexing manuscript history fuels debates about whether
the story was originally in John’s Gospel and, if so, where. <span style="color: red;">The majority of scholars believe a later Christian scribe inserted the passage into John’s Gospel at </span><u><a href="http://www.bibleodyssey.org/lightbox-bible-passage.aspx?passage=John+8:1-8:11">John 8:1-8:11</a></u> and that the alternate locations are due to the effects of later liturgical reading in what is known as the lectionary system. [ Chris Keith, "Manuscript History and John 8:1-8:11", n.p. [cited 21 Apr 2017]. Online: <u><a href="http://www.bibleodyssey.org/en/passages/related-articles/Manuscript%20History%20and%20John">http://www.bibleodyssey.org/en/passages/related-articles/Manuscript History and John].</a></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><a href="http://www.bibleodyssey.org/passages/related-articles/Manuscript%20History%20and%20John.aspx">http://www.bibleodyssey.org/passages/related-articles/Manuscript%20History%20and%20John.aspx</a></span></div>
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<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4724862503404981204" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4724862503404981204" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4724862503404981204" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4724862503404981204" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><b><span style="font-family: "sakkal majalla"; font-size: 18.0pt; font-weight: bold;">The text of the New Testament : It’s Transmission Corruption
and Restoration</span></b><b><span style="font-family: "sakkal majalla"; font-size: 18.0pt; font-weight: bold;">Second Edition By Bruce M. Metzger Page 223</span></b><br />
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<b><span style="font-family: "sakkal majalla"; font-size: 18.0pt; font-weight: bold;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "sakkal majalla"; font-size: 18.0pt;"> </span></div>
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Manuscripts that doesn’t conain the story:</div>
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<b><span style="font-family: "sakkal majalla"; font-size: 18.0pt; font-weight: bold;">( p66 , p75 , א , B , L , N , T , W , X , Δ , Θ , Ψ , 33 , 157 , 565 , 892 , 1241 )</span></b><br />
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<b><span style="font-family: "sakkal majalla"; font-size: 18.0pt; font-weight: bold;"></span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-family: "sakkal majalla"; font-size: 18.0pt; font-weight: bold;">.</span></b></div>
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Daniel B. Wallace* on the fake story:</h3>
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<iframe allowfullscreen="" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/cobVbGs5yXM/0.jpg" frameborder="0" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/cobVbGs5yXM?feature=player_embedded" width="320"></iframe></div>
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<span style="font-family: "sakkal majalla"; font-size: 18.0pt;">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cobVbGs5yXM</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "sakkal majalla"; font-size: x-small;">(*= Senior Research Professor of </span><span style="font-family: "sakkal majalla"; font-size: x-small;"><span>New Testament</span> Studies at Dallas Theological Seminary) </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "sakkal majalla"; font-size: 18.0pt;">Bart Ehrman** on the fake story: </span></div>
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<iframe allowfullscreen="" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/MhIUkF_FT2I/0.jpg" frameborder="0" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/MhIUkF_FT2I?feature=player_embedded" width="320"></iframe></div>
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<span style="font-family: "sakkal majalla"; font-size: 18.0pt;">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MhIUkF_FT2I</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "sakkal majalla"; font-size: x-small;">(</span><span style="font-size: x-small;">**= James A. Gray Distinguished Professor, Department of Religious Studies at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) </span></div>
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<span style="color: navy; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 13.5pt;">Below is an image of page NB (52) of Papyrus 66, a codex of John's Gospel from about AD 200. The begins in the middle of the word εραυνησον ("search")
in John <span style="color: red;">7:52</span>. On the second line the sentence ends with a punctuation mark and is immediately followed by Παλιν ουν αυτοις ελαλησεν ο Ις ("again Jesus spoke to them") in <span style="color: red;">8:12</span>, omitting the </span><u><a href="http://www.bible-researcher.com/adult.html"><span style="font-family: "sakkal majalla"; font-size: 18.0pt;">Story of the Adulteress</span></a></u><span style="font-family: "sakkal majalla"; font-size: 18.0pt;">. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "sakkal majalla"; font-size: 18.0pt;"> </span><span style="color: navy; font-family: "sakkal majalla"; font-size: 18.0pt;">The manuscript has been annotated by a scribe who used diagonal strokes to indicate a
word-order variant in the first and second lines, but the Story of the Adulteress is omitted without any notation.</span><br />
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<span style="color: red; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 13.5pt;">The New Commentary on the Whole Bible</span></div>
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<i><span style="color: darkorange; font-family: "sakkal majalla"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span><span style="font-family: "arial"; font-size: 18.0pt;">"This story is not included in the best and earliest manuscripts [of John]. In fact, it is absent from all witnesses earlier than the 9th century, with the exception of a
fifth century Greek-Latin manuscript. No Greek church father comments on the passage prior to the 12th century.</span><span style="color: darkorange; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Jamieson et al, "The New Commentary on the Whole Bible", Tyndale, </span><span style="color: darkorange; font-family: "sakkal majalla"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Wheaton IL (1990), P. 247-248</span></i><br />
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<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4724862503404981204" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4724862503404981204" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4724862503404981204" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=4724862503404981204" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a><i><span style="font-family: "sakkal majalla"; font-size: 18.0pt;"><br /></span></i></div>
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<span style="color: red;">The "Interpreter's One Volume Commentary on the Bible"</span></h3>
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"7:53-8:11: This passage is omitted or set off in modern editions of the gospel since it does not appear in the oldest and best manuscripts and is apparently a later interpolation. In some manuscripts it occurs after Luke 21:38</div>
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<i><span style="color: red; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 18.0pt;">The Five Gospels</span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "arial";">"The story of the woman caught in the act of adultery...was a 'floating' or 'orphan' story. It is almost certainly not a part of the
original text of John, but is a noteworthy tradition nonetheless...While the Fellows [of the Jesus Seminar] agreed that the words did not originate in their present form with Jesus, they nevertheless assigned the words and
story to a special category of things they wish Jesus had said and done."</span></i></div>
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<a href="http://www.ebnmaryam.com/vb/t206032-2.html" target="_blank">Source</a></div>
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