Question
Did Prophet Muhammad believe in the corrupted Torah ?
Answer:
1- Is the hadith authentic ?
Narrated Abdullah Ibn Umar:
A group of Jews came and invited the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)
to Quff. So he visited them in their school.
They said: AbulQasim, one of our men has committed
fornication with a woman; so pronounce judgment upon them. They placed a
cushion for the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) who sat on it
and said: Bring the Torah. It was then brought. He then withdrew the cushion
from beneath him and placed the Torah on it saying:
"I believed in thee and in Him Who revealed thee."
He then said: Bring me one who is learned among you. Then a
young man was brought. The transmitter then mentioned the rest of the tradition
of stoning similar to the one transmitted by Malik from Nafi'(No. 4431).
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ
الْهَمْدَانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، حَدَّثَنِي هِشَامُ
بْنُ سَعْدٍ، أَنَّ زَيْدَ بْنَ أَسْلَمَ، حَدَّثَهُ
عَنِ
ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ أَتَى نَفَرٌ مِنْ يَهُودَ فَدَعَوْا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى
الله عليه وسلم إِلَى الْقُفِّ فَأَتَاهُمْ فِي بَيْتِ الْمِدْرَاسِ
فَقَالُوا يَا أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ إِنَّ
رَجُلاً مِنَّا زَنَى بِامْرَأَةٍ فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ
فَوَضَعُوا
لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وِسَادَةً فَجَلَسَ عَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ
"
ائْتُونِي بِالتَّوْرَاةِ " . فَأُتِيَ بِهَا فَنَزَعَ الْوِسَادَةَ مِنْ
تَحْتِهِ فَوَضَعَ التَّوْرَاةَ عَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ " آمَنْتُ بِكِ
وَبِمَنْ أَنْزَلَكِ " . ثُمَّ قَالَ " ائْتُونِي بِأَعْلَمِكُمْ
" . فَأُتِيَ بِفَتًى شَابٍّ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ قِصَّةَ الرَّجْمِ نَحْوَ
حَدِيثِ مَالِكٍ عَنْ نَافِعٍ .
Grade
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: Hasan (Al-Albani)
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حسن (الألباني)
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حكم :
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Reference
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In-book reference
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: Book 40, Hadith 99
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English translation
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: Book 39, Hadith 4434
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This report is considered weak because
one of its reporters is Hisham ibn Sa'd whose narratives are disturbed
and corrupted according to many hadith critics like Ibn Hanbal, Ibn Ma'een, Abu
Hatem, al-Nisa'ee, Ibn Sa'd, Ibn 'Adii, al-Madini, al-Hakim, al-'Aqili, Ibn
Habban and others.
This is the reason why Ibn Hazm notes:
"As
for the report in which the Prophet (peace be upon him) took the Torah and
said: "I believe in thee", it is a fabricated false report that did
not reach us with proper chain of transmission" (Ibn Hazm, Al-Fisal fe
al-Milal wa al-Ahwaa wa al-Nihal, Volume 1, p. 237)
It is also worthy to note that this particular
hadith has been reported through multiple chains of transmission; however,
no one has ever mentioned the incident of the Prophet (saws) praising the
Torah except in the report of Hisham ibn Sa'd from Zaid ibn Aslam.
Some jews came to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and mentioned to him
that a man and a women of their number had committed fornication. The Messenger
of Allah (ﷺ)
asked them: What do you find in the Torah about stoning? They replied: We
disgrace them and they should be flogged. ‘Abd Allah b. Salam said: You lie; it
contains (instruction for) stoning. So they brought the Torah and spread it
out, and one of them put his hand over the verse of stoning and read what preceded
it and what followed it. ‘Abd Allah b. Salam said to him: Lift your hand. When
he did so, the verse of stoning was seen to be in it. They then said: He has
spoken the truth, Muhammad, the verse of stoning is in it. The Messenger of
Allah (ﷺ)
then gave command regarding them, and they were stoned to death. ‘Abd Allah b.
‘Umar said: I saw the man leaning on the woman protecting her from the stones.
2- What does the report indicate ?
This is evidence of honoring and respecting the supposedly revealed books, putting it on the pillow which is a high place in order to keep it at a high place. In addition to this, these books are not free of mentioning the names of the Lord and it is an obligation to glorify His Names and Attributes.
So, while this tradition leaves no doubt that the passage in the Torah that prescribes the stoning of adulterers is authentic, it cannot be used to prove the authenticity of other passages. The additional sentence would only refer to the origin and the core of the Torah, not its textual status, as Imam Ibn Hajar has noted.
Reasons to believe in the corruption of the Torah
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